摘要
阳离子载体因其优异的载药能力和递送性能,在药物递送领域具有广泛应用前景。然而,其高密度正电荷引发的系统毒性与非特异性摄取等问题仍是临床转化的关键障碍。近年来,电荷屏蔽与刺激响应策略的兴起为其生物相容性与靶向性调控提供了有效路径。本文系统回顾了化学修饰、天然高分子包覆及仿生膜策略在电荷屏蔽中的应用,进一步探讨p H、酶、ROS等内源性以及光、超声等外源性刺激响应机制在精准激活释放中的作用。在多模块协同与智能平台构建方面,阳离子载体正逐步从实验室探索迈向临床转化。本文对相关研究工作的临床转化前景及关键技术瓶颈进行了探讨,以期为下一代智能递送系统的设计提供理论框架与参考。
Cationic carriers have demonstrated broad application prospects in drug delivery due to their excellent drug-loading capacity and delivery performance.However,their high-density positive surface charge often leads to systemic toxicity and nonspecific uptake,posing significant barriers to clinical translation.In recent years,the emergence of charge shielding and stimuli-responsive strategies has provided effective avenues for modulating biocompatibility and targeting specificity.This review systematically summarizes the applications of chemical modification,natural polymer coating,and biomimetic membrane strategies in charge shielding.Furthermore,it explores the roles of endogenous stimuli such as pH,enzymes,and reactive oxygen species,as well as exogenous triggers like light and ultrasound,in achieving precise activation and controlled release.With the integration of multi-functional modules and the development of intelligent delivery platforms,cationic carriers are progressively advancing from laboratory research toward clinical translation.This review also discusses the translational potential and critical technical bottlenecks of related delivery systems,aiming to provide a theoretical framework and some reference for the design of next-generation smart delivery systems.
作者
刘馨澳
陈沁颖
陈大力
涂家生
孙春萌
LIU Xinao;CHEN Qinying;CHEN Dali;TU Jiasheng;SUN Chunmeng(Center for Research Development and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Excipients and Generic Drugs,School of Pharmacy,China Pharmaceutical University,Nanjing210009;NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients,Nanjing210009,China)
出处
《中国药科大学学报》
北大核心
2025年第3期271-279,共9页
Journal of China Pharmaceutical University
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(No.22478438)。
关键词
阳离子载体
电荷屏蔽
刺激响应
智能递送
临床转化
cationic carrier
charge shielding
stimuli-responsive
smart delivery
clinical translation
