摘要
为剖析尾矿坝堆积筑坝过程中尾矿沉积体赋存特征与浆液流动行为,采用流槽试验模型开展单管浆液排放条件下细粒尾矿堆积筑坝试验,研究细粒尾矿堆积过程中沉积滩坡度、尾矿颗粒粒径分布、水位高度和孔隙水压力的变化特性,分析尾矿浆流动、运动轨迹特征,并讨论尾矿沿程沉积细化机制。结果表明:沉积滩坡度随沿程距离的增加而减小;尾矿颗粒粒径随沿程距离的增加逐渐细化,随深度的增加粒径呈交错变化;尾矿坝水位高度随坝高的增高而增加,整体表现出前陡后缓;孔隙水压力在尾矿浆排放阶段上升,在尾矿浆停止排放间歇阶段消散;尾矿浆在流槽首端以扇形发散的方式流动,中部以不规则溪流的方式流动,末端尾矿浆先以层流方式流动后转变为无规则旋转流动;干滩面浆液运动速率波动较大,达到尾水面后浆液的运动趋于平稳,尾水面交界处前后浆液的运动特征差异性较大。
To investigate the occurrence characteristics of the tailings deposit and slurry flow behavior during the damming process of tailings impoundments,the flume test model was used to carry out the fine-grained tailings accumulation damming test under single pipe slurry discharge conditions.The variation characteristics of beach slope,tailings particle size distribution,water level height and pore water pressure during the accumulation process of fine-grained tailings were studied.The tailings slurry flow and trajectory characteristics were analyzed,and the mechanism of tailings refinement along the deposition course was discussed.The results show that deposition slope decreased with the increase of the downstream distance.The particle size of tailings gradually becomes finer with increase of downstream distance,and the particle size is staggered with the increase of depth.The height of water level of tailings dam increases with the increase of height of dam,exhibiting a steep front slope and a gentle back slope overall.The pore water pressure rises during the discharge stage of tailings slurry and dissipates during the intermittent stage when tailings slurry stops discharging.The tailings slurry flows in a fan-shaped divergent pattern at the beginning of flume,in an irregular stream-like pattern in the middle section,and transitions from laminar flow to irregular rotational flow at the end.The slurry flow rate on dry beach surface fluctuates greatly,and slurry movement tends to be stable after reaching the tailings water surface.There is a significant difference in slurry movement characteristics before and after the interface between dry beach and tailings water.
作者
陈青林
包礼霖
王晓军
戴泽宇
张超
王光进
CHEN Qinglin;BAO Lilin;WANG Xiaojun;DAI Zeyu;ZHANG Chao;WANG Guangjin(Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Safe and Efficient Mining of Rare Metal Resources,Ganzhou Jiangxi 341000,China;School of Resources&Environment Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou Jiangxi 341000,China;State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan Hubei 430071,China)
出处
《中国安全科学学报》
北大核心
2025年第5期135-144,共10页
China Safety Science Journal
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3012200)
国家自然科学基金资助(52104085)
江西省自然科学基金资助(20232BAB213069)
江西省双千计划项目(jxsq2023102139)。
关键词
细粒尾矿
矿浆流动
沉积滩坡度
流槽
尾矿坝
孔隙水压力
fine-grained tailings
tailings pulp flow
deposition beach slope
flume
tailings dam
pore water pressure
