摘要
3D打印混凝土流动度的稳定控制对于提高打印构件的成形质量具有重要意义。现有的打印精度提升途径主要集中在混凝土材料特性优化、打印设备机械结构优化和打印工艺参数优化等方面。但事实上,混凝土流动度稳定与否直接影响打印质量。为此,从控制角度出发,首先分析了混凝土流动度与打印精度的关系,提出了3D打印混凝土流动度稳定控制系统结构;然后,设计了一种基于PSO (particle swarm optimization,粒子群优化)算法的PID (proportional-integral-derivative,比例-积分-微分)控制策略,可实现控制参数实时在线多次优化,提升了3D打印混凝土流动度稳定控制性能。最后,通过仿真分析和打印实验验证了所设计的PSO-PID控制策略的可行性和优越性。仿真结果表明,PSO-PID控制策略可满足混凝土流动度稳定控制的要求;实验结果表明,PSO-PID控制策略能保证混凝土连续、均匀地挤出,有效提升了打印构件的成形精度。所提出的方法通过实时控制机械参数实现了混凝土流动度的稳定控制,可为3D打印混凝土技术的工程应用提供技术支撑。
The stable control of the flowability of 3D printed concrete is significant for improving the forming quality of printed components.The existing approaches to improving printing accuracy mainly focus on the optimization of concrete material properties,the mechanical structure optimization of printing equipment,and the optimization of printing process parameters.But in fact,whether the flowability of concrete is stable or not directly affects the printing quality.Therefore,from the perspective of control,the relationship between the flowability of concrete and the printing accuracy was analyzed first,and the flow stability control system structure for 3D printed concrete was proposed.Then,a PID(proportional-integral-derivative)control strategy based on PSO(particle swarm optimization)algorithm was designed,which could achieve multiple real-time online optimizations of control parameters and improve the stable control performance of 3D printed concrete flowability.Finally,the feasibility and superiority of the designed PSO-PID control strategy were verified through simulation analysis and printing experiments.The simulation results showed that the PSO-PID control strategy could meet the stable control requirements of concrete flowability.The printing experiments indicated that the PSO-PID control strategy could ensure the continuous and uniform extrusion of concrete,effectively improving the forming accuracy of printed components.The proposed method achieves the stable control of concrete flowability by real-time control of mechanical parameters,which can provide technical support for the engineering application of 3D printed concrete technology.
作者
韩怡萱
马宗方
贺静
宋琳
刘超
崔衡
HAN Yixuan;MA Zongfang;HE Jing;SONG Lin;LIU Chao;CUI Heng(College of Information and Control Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China;College of Civil Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China)
出处
《工程设计学报》
北大核心
2025年第3期308-315,共8页
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(62276207)。
关键词
3D打印混凝土
流动度
粒子群优化算法
PID控制策略
打印精度
3D printed concrete
flowability
particle swarm optimization algorithm
PID control strategy
printing accuracy
