摘要
石棉是6种被广泛商业化使用的天然矿物纤维的总称,分为两类:角闪石石棉(青石棉、阳起石、透闪石、直闪石和铁闪石)和蛇纹石纤维(温石棉),其中温石棉占石棉总产量的90%以上。国际癌症研究署“人类致癌危害鉴定专著”认定:所有类型的石棉对人体是有充分证据的1类致癌物;石棉是恶性间皮瘤、肺癌、喉癌和卵巢癌的1类致癌物。随着中国人口老龄化趋势加剧以及既往石棉暴露水平的累积效应,预计石棉暴露所致癌症的负担将持续加重。本文系统梳理全球范围内石棉暴露相关癌症的流行病学数据及人群防控政策,以期为石棉暴露所致癌症的人群防控提供科学依据。
Asbestos is a collective term for six natural mineral fibers that have been widely used commercially.These fibers are classified into two main groups:amphibole asbestos(including crocidolite,tremolite,actinolite,anthophyllite,and amosite)and serpentine fibers(primarily chrysotile),with chrysotile accounting for more than 90%of total asbestos production.According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC)Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans,all types of asbestos are classified as GroupⅠcarcinogens,with sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in humans.Asbestos is a GroupⅠcarcinogen for malignant mesothelioma,lung cancer,laryngeal cancer,and ovarian cancer.With the accelerating aging of the Chinese population and the cumulative effects of past asbestos exposure,the cancer burden attributable to asbestos exposure in China is expected to continue rising.This article systematically reviews the epidemiological data on asbestos-related cancers and population-based prevention and control strategies worldwide,aiming to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of asbestos-related cancers in China.
作者
黄秋临
连福治
陈天辉
Huang Qiulin;Lian Fuzhi;Chen Tianhui(School of Public Health,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121,Zhejiang,China;Department of Cancer Prevention,Zhejiang Cancer Hospital,Hangzhou 310022,Zhejiang,China)
出处
《生物医学转化》
2025年第2期73-79,共7页
Biomedical Transformation
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2500401)
浙江省万人计划“科技创新领军人才”项目(2021R52020)。
关键词
石棉
间皮瘤
肺癌
石棉禁令
Asbestos
Mesothelioma
Lung cancer
Asbestos ban
