摘要
民国成立后,伴随着西方教育思潮的冲击,高等教育的发展面临前所未有的新形势、新挑战、新机遇。蔡元培就任北京大学校长后,矢志改革。他在西方近代教育家和教育理念的深刻影响下,敏锐捕捉到教育体系重建的时代命题,致力于革新北大,开“学术”与“自由”之风。围绕“五育并举”的教育思想,立足人本主义教育理念,大力倡导完全人格教育,推崇因材施教,开展个性化培养;改革教学内容,引导学生潜心钻研学问;推行选科制度,侧重发展学生个性;号召男女平等,勇敢推行男女同校;提倡成立学生社团,提升学生综合素养。蔡元培的教育改革范围广、思路新、力度大、举措多,受到社会各界高度关注,对中国近现代教育产生了深远的影响,也为中国高等教育的现代化奠定了基础。
After the establishment of the Republic of China,higher education faced unprecedented new circumstances,challenges,and opportunities under the impact of Western educational trends.Upon assuming the role of president of Peking University,Cai Yuanpei was determined to implement reforms.Deeply influenced by modern Western educators and their philosophies,he keenly recognized the eras imperative to reconstruct the educational system and dedicated himself to transforming Peking University,fostering an atmosphere of"academic pursuit"and"intellectual freedom".Centered on the educational philosophy of"Five Domains of Holistic Education"and grounded in humanistic educational principles,Cai vigorously advocated for comprehensive character education,emphasizing individualized teaching and personalized development.He reformed the curriculum to guide students in dedicated scholarly pursuits and introduced an elective course system to nurture their unique talents.He championed gender equality by boldly implementing co-education and encouraged the establishment of student organizations to enhance their overall competencies.Cai Yuanpeis educational reforms were extensive in scope,innovative in approach,bold in execution,and multifaceted in implementation,drawing widespread attention from all sectors of society.They exerted a profound influence on modern Chinese education and laid the foundation for the modernization of higher education in China.
出处
《江苏高教》
北大核心
2025年第6期99-104,共6页
Jiangsu Higher Education
关键词
人本主义教育
北京大学
教育思想
人才培养
humanistic education
Peking University
educational thought
talent training
