摘要
互惠伦理是人类伦理价值规范系统的重要构成。互惠意指个体基于自我意愿或利益帮助他人以增进他人利益并期待未来可以获得某种回报的动机或行为;互惠伦理意指交往各方以互惠方式,把自己的自利或利他偏好付诸行为,且对方应当自觉负有回报义务的伦理。互惠伦理主要包括积极互惠伦理和消极互惠伦理。互惠伦理之所以可能,是建立在行为能力、理性能力、同感能力等一系列具体条件的基础上的。只有得到人们的恰当践行,互惠伦理才能走向稳定。互惠伦理践行机制主要包括社会奖惩制度、他人评价与监督等外在约束和个体内心道德自律即内在约束,实践中还需要合理对待欺骗者,互惠行为也要禁害第三方以趋善避恶。
Reciprocal ethics is an important component of the human ethical values and normative sys‐tem.Reciprocity refers to the motivation or behavior of an individual to help others,based on their own will or interest,in order to promote the interests of others with the expectation of receiving some from of return in the future.Reciprocal ethics denotes an ethical framework where parties in interaction put their selfish or al‐truistic preferences into action in a reciprocal manner,and each party should consciously assume an obliga‐tion to reciprocate.Reciprocal ethics mainly encompasses positive reciprocal ethics and negative reciprocal ethics.The possibility of reciprocal ethics is based on a series of specific conditions,including behavioral ca‐pability,rational capability and empathy ability,etc.Reciprocal ethics can be stable only when properly prac‐ticed by people.Its practice mechanism mainly includes external constraints such as the social reward and punishment system,and peer evaluation and supervision,along with internal constraints representated by indi‐viduals'inner moral self-discipline.It also requires reasonable treatment of deceivers,and reciprocal behav‐iors should not pursue goodness and evade evil at the cost of third parties.
作者
龚天平
胡莹
Gong Tianping;Hu Ying(Zhongnan University of Economics and Law)
出处
《武汉大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第4期65-75,共11页
Wuhan University Journal:Philosophy & Social Science
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(21BZX023)。
关键词
互惠伦理的含义
互惠伦理的可能性
互惠伦理的践行
the connotations of reciprocal ethics
the possibility of reciprocal ethics
the practice of re‐ciprocal ethics
