摘要
针对传统钼铋混合精矿选矿工艺流程长、成本高、精矿互含等问题,采用HCl-NaCl体系浸出提取钼铋混合精矿中的铋来实现钼铋分离,对浸出过程进行了热力学分析;考察了盐酸浓度、浸出温度、浸出时间、液固比和氯化钠浓度对铋浸出率的影响;根据浸出实验数据进行动力学分析,确定了反应控制步骤。结果表明:在不加氧化剂的情况下,硫化铋与盐酸反应后Bi和S的形态分别为BiCl_(4)^(-)和H_(2)S;各因素对铋浸出率的影响大小顺序为:浸出温度>盐酸浓度>液固比>氯化钠浓度>浸出时间;在盐酸浓度4 mol/L、液固比2.0、反应温度90℃、反应时间8 h及氯化钠浓度4 mol/L的优化条件下,铋平均浸出率达到97.90%;该浸出反应表观活化能为84.55 kJ/mol,主要受界面化学反应步骤控制,升高温度有利于铋浸出。
To address the issues of prolonged flowsheet,high costs,and inter-containment of concentrates in traditional molybdenum-bismuth mixed concentrate beneficiation process,the HCl-NaCl system was employed to leach bismuth from molybdenum-bismuth mixed concentrate to realize the separation of molybdenum and bismuth,and a thermodynamic analysis was performed on the leaching process.The influences of hydrochloric acid concentration,leaching temperature,leaching time,liquid-solid ratio,and NaCl concentration on the leaching rate of bismuth were investigated.The reaction kinetics were analyzed using leaching experimental data to identify the reaction rate-controlling step.The results show that the forms of Bi and S are BiCl_(4)^(-)and H_(2)S,respectively after the reaction of bismuth sulfide with hydrochloric acid without oxidant addition.The factors affecting bismuth leaching rate follow this order of significance:leaching temperature>hydrochloric acid concentration>liquid-solid ratio>NaCl concentration>leaching time.Under the optimized conditions of HCl concentration of 4 mol/L,liquid-solid ratio of 2.0,reaction temperature of 90℃,leaching time of 8 h,and NaCl concentration of 4 mol/L,the average bismuth leaching rate reaches 97.90%.The apparent activation energy of the leaching reaction is 84.55 kJ/mol,indicating an interface chemical reaction control mechanism,and elevated temperature promotes bismuth leaching.
作者
朱安宇
沈裕军
彭俊
张喜龙
蔡云卓
王俊龙
ZHU An-yu;SHEN Yu-jun;PENG Jun;ZHANG Xi-long;CAI Yun-zhuo;WANG Jun-long(Changsha Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410012,China)
出处
《稀有金属与硬质合金》
北大核心
2025年第3期1-7,共7页
Rare Metals and Cemented Carbides
基金
国家重点研发计划“战略性矿产资源开发利用”专项(2022YFC2905105)。
关键词
钼铋混合精矿
HCl-NaCl体系
铋浸出
工艺优化
热力学
动力学
molybdenum-bismuth mixed concentrate
HCl-NaCl system
bismuth leaching
process optimization
thermodynamics
dynamics
