摘要
我国梨园普遍存在土壤有机质含量低、土壤酸化加剧、施肥结构失衡、养分利用率低等突出问题。笔者系统解析当前梨园土壤及施肥存在的共性问题,提出土壤地力提升、养分最佳管理规律适配、功能微生物助力养分高效的“三位一体”高效施肥原则,总结出“有机替代、养根健果、三改两补、水肥耦合、精准调控”为核心技术的提质增效技术模式,实现地力提升、化肥控量施用和果实品质提升,为梨产业可持续发展和绿色提质增效提供理论支撑和实践范式。
Pear orchards in China commonly face critical issues,such as low soil organic matter content,increasing soil acidification,imbalanced fertilization structure,and low nutrient-use efficiency.This study systematically analyzed these challenges in current pear orchard soil and fertilization practices.We propose an efficient fertilization principle,integrating soil fertility enhancement,optimal nutrient management,and functional microbes for nutrient efficiency.A quality-efficiency centered technical model is established,featuring organic substitution,root-fruit health optimization,three improvements and two supplements,precision regulation and water-fertilizer coupling.This approach achieves improved soil fertility,reduced chemical fertilizer use,and enhanced fruit quality.Providing theoretical and practical frameworks forsustainable pear production and green quality-efficiency synergy.
作者
董彩霞
DONG Caixia(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Organic Fertilizers in Jiangsu Province,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210095,China)
出处
《落叶果树》
2025年第3期1-6,F0002,共7页
Deciduous Fruits
基金
国家梨产业技术体系(CARS-28)
国家自然科学基金(32272809)。
关键词
梨园
土肥管理
高效施肥原则
绿色提质增效
pear orchard
soil-fertilizer management
efficient fertilization principle
green quality improvement and efficiency enhancement
