摘要
目的 探究电磁铁工作时的温度变化,并为其设计合理的散热装置。方法 以有效加工时间和管件内表面粗糙度为评价标准,通过优化电磁铁电流参数和散热条件,延长电磁铁有效加工时间,提高研磨效率。对电磁铁进行多物理场耦合仿真,采用Maxwell软件进行电磁损耗分析,将电磁损耗耦合到Fluent中进行温度场仿真,参考仿真结果设计出合理的散热装置并对电流进行优化,最后通过钛合金管内表面研磨试验确定最佳电流参数。结果 从不同角度对3A、3Hz正弦电流下的电磁铁进行风冷散热对比,1工位风冷散热后电磁铁最高仿真温度为59.5℃;2工位风冷散热后电磁铁最高仿真温度为51.3℃。2工位下,将峰值电流分别增大至3.5、4 A,风冷散热后仿真温度分别为66.9、88.9℃。对不同工况下的电磁铁温升及电流损失进行监测,在3 A、3 Hz电流下,无散热措施时,电磁铁工作15 min后到达极限工作温度,电流损失0.49 A;在散热条件下,采用3 A、3 Hz电流研磨钛合金管,电磁铁温度最终稳定在58.6℃,电流损失0.34 A。研磨40 min后,管件内表面粗糙度由原始Ra 0.601μm下降到Ra 0.172μm;采用3.5 A、3 Hz电流研磨钛合金管,电磁铁温度最终稳定在75.7℃,电流损失0.23 A。研磨20 min后,管件内表面粗糙度由原始Ra 0.618μm下降到Ra 0.223μm。结论 侧面布置散热风扇(2工位),电磁铁散热效果更好,装置运行时更加安全可靠;通过仿真模拟和研磨试验确定3 A、3 Hz为理想加工电流;采用3 A、3 Hz电流研磨时,在风冷散热作用下电磁铁无需停机散热,提高了研磨效率。
The work aims to explore the temperature change when the electromagnet is working,and design a reasonable cooling device.With the effective machining time and the inner surface roughness of the pipe fitting as the evaluation criteria,the effective machining time of the electromagnet was extended to improve the processing efficiency by optimizing the current parameters and heat dissipation conditions of the electromagnet.Multi-physical field coupling simulation was carried out for the electromagnet.Maxwell software was used for electromagnetic loss analysis,and the electromagnetic loss was coupled to Fluent for temperature field simulation.According to the simulation results,a reasonable heat dissipation device was designed and the current was optimized.Finally,the best current parameters were determined by the finishing test of titanium alloy tube surface.The air-cooled heat dissipation of electromagnets was compared under 3 A,3 Hz sinusoidal currents from different angles.The highest temperature of the electromagnet after air cooling at station 1 was 59.5℃.The highest temperature of the electromagnet after air cooling at station 2 was 51.3℃.At station 2,the peak current increased to 3.5 A and 4 A respectively,and the simulation temperature after air cooling was 66.9℃and 88.9℃respectively.The temperature rise and current loss of the electromagnet under different working conditions were monitored.Under the current of 3 A and 3 Hz,without heat dissipation measures,the electromagnet reached the limit operating temperature after 15 min,and the current loss was 0.49 A.Under the heat dissipation condition,when the titanium alloy pipe was finished with 3 A,3 Hz current,the electromagnet temperature was finally stable at 58.6℃,and the current loss was 0.34 A.After finishing for 40 min,the inner surface roughness of the pipe fitting decreased from the original Ra 0.601μm to Ra 0.172μm.When the titanium alloy pipe was finished with 3.5 A,3 Hz current,the electromagnet temperature finally stabilized at 75.7℃,and the current loss was 0.23 A.After finishing for 20 min,the inner surface roughness of the pipe fittings decreased from the original Ra 0.618μm to Ra 0.223μm.When the titanium alloy pipe was finished with 3 A,3 Hz current,the electromagnet temperature was finally stable at 58.6℃.After finishing for 40 min,the inner surface roughness of the pipe fitting decreased from the original Ra 0.601μm to Ra 0.172μm.From the two groups of comparative tests,it can be concluded that the difference between the simulated temperature and the actual temperature is relatively close,which verifies the accuracy of the simulation.The cooling fan is arranged on the side(station 2),the electromagnet cooling effect is better and the device is more safe and reliable when running.The ideal machining current of 3 A,3 Hz is determined by simulation and finishing test.When 3 A,3Hz current is adopted for finishing,under the action of air cooling,the electromagnet does not need to stop cooling while improving the processing efficiency.
作者
孙岩
潘明诗
刘冰洋
李厚乐
韩冰
陈燕
SUN Yan;PAN Mingshi;LIU Bingyang;LI Houle;HAN Bing;CHEN Yan(University of Science and Technology Liaoning,Liaoning Anshan 114051,China;Yantai Port Co.,Ltd.and General Terminal Branch,Shandong Yantai 264000,China)
出处
《表面技术》
北大核心
2025年第12期164-174,共11页
Surface Technology
基金
辽宁省教育厅科学研究经费项目(LJ212410146074)。
关键词
电磁铁
磁粒研磨
电磁损耗
电磁-热-流耦合
表面质量
表面粗糙度
electromagnet
magnetic abrasive finishing
electromagnetic loss
electromagnetic-thermo-fluid coupling
surface quality
surface roughness
