摘要
青海河湟传统民居作为多民族文化交融的活态遗产,其保护面临高寒环境侵蚀、技艺断层与数字化支撑不足等多重挑战。本研究以BIM技术为核心,构建了“数据采集-模型构建-方案设计”的全流程保护框架,探索出一条适合高寒高海拔地区传统民居数字化保护的新路径。本研究通过三维激光扫描逆向工程与正向建模结合,实现抬梁式屋架结构和装饰纹样的参数化建模;结合3D打印技术能够对传统构件完成装配式修复,并且精度达到98%。通过平安区石沟沿村典型民居实证研究表明,该技术使保护工作效率提升20%,修复成本降低8%,并助力形成民居数字档案与风险预警双驱动机制。充分验证了BIM技术在地方传统建筑保护方面的适用性,为文化遗产的预见性保护与活态传承提供了创新范式,对河湟地区及类似高寒环境的传统建筑保护具有推广价值。
As a living heritage of multi-ethnic cultural integration,the protection of traditional dwellings in Hehuang Area of Qinghai faces multiple challenges such as erosion from high-altitude environments,technological gaps,and insufficient digital support.Taking BIM technology as the core,this study constructs a full process protection framework of“data collection,model construction,scheme design”,and explores the digital protection path of high-altitude residential buildings in cold regions.By combining 3D laser scanning reverse engineering with forward modeling,parameterized modeling of the lifted beam roof truss structure and decorative patterns can be achieved;Combining 3D printing technology to achieve assembly based repair of traditional components with an accuracy of 98%.Empirical research on typical residential buildings in Shigouyan Village,Ping’an County shows that this technology improves the efficiency of protection plan optimization by 20%,reduces restoration costs by 8%,and forms a dual driving mechanism of digital archives and risk warning for residential buildings.The research has verified the applicability of BIM technology in high-altitude regions,providing an innovative paradigm for the proactive protection and dynamic inheritance of cultural heritage,and has promotional value for the protection of traditional buildings in Hehuang area and similar ecologically fragile areas.
作者
田发春
王为
何韦君
刘良志
王原野
Tian Fachun;Wang Wei;He Weijun;Liu Liangzhi;Wang Yuanye(Qinghai Academy of Building Materials Science Co.,Ltd.,Xining 810008,China;Qinghai Key Laboratory of Plateau Green Building and Ecological Community,Xining 810008,China;Qinghai Engineering Technology Research Center for Plateau Green Building and Building Materials,Xining 810008,China;Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Qinghai Minzu University,Xining 810007,China;China Railway Construction Bridge Engineering Group Co.,Ltd.Third Company,Shenyang 110043,China)
出处
《青海科技》
2025年第2期53-60,共8页
Qinghai Science and Technology
基金
青海省住房和城乡建设厅2025年度研究专项“高原高海拔地区‘好房子’民居适用技术策略研究”(QHJY(科)-2025-002)
青海省建筑建材科学研究院有限责任公司自立课题“青海河湟地区庄廓民居空间演化和本土营造研究”(2023-JYZL-003)。
关键词
青海河湟地区
传统民居
数字化保护
BIM技术
石沟沿村
Hehuang area of Qinghai Province
Traditional dwellings
Digital protection
BIM technology
Shigouyan Village
