摘要
中国青铜器发展的阶段性具有独立于朝代更迭与考古学文化分期的特点。二里岗文化早期延续时间较长,学界对这一时期青铜器发展阶段性的认识多有差异。通过梳理二里岗文化早期具有同出关系的单位和青铜器,本文总结出当时贵族的青铜器器用情况。与二里岗文化晚期、二里头文化时期青铜器相比,二里岗文化早期青铜器虽兼具前后两个时期的部分特征,但在青铜器的生产规模、作为礼器的仪式感、容器类礼器的构成等方面仍基本停留在二里头文化阶段的水平。因此,二里岗文化早期更适合与二里头文化晚期归为同一青铜器发展阶段,从而构成中国青铜时代的形成阶段。以上述结论为基础,本文认为二里头87ⅤM1是否出土青铜觚以及该墓出土青铜器归属二里岗文化阶段的论述仍需更为谨慎的判断。
The developmental phases of Chinese bronzes exhibit characteristics that are independent of dynastic transitions and archaeological cultural periodization.The early phase of the Erligang Culture spanned a considerable duration,leading to divergent scholarly interpretations regarding its stage of bronze development.By examining archaeological units and associated unearthed bronzes from the early Erligang contexts,this study summarizes the usage patterns of bronzes among the aristocracy of the time.Compared with bronzes of the late Erligang Culture and the Erlitou Culture,the early Erligang bronzes,while sharing some elements of both preceding and succeeding phases,remained largely at the level of the Erlitou cultural phase in terms of production scale,ritual significance,and the composition of container-type ritual vessels.Therefore,the early phase of the Erligang Culture and the late phase of Erlitou Culture are more appropriately classified into the same stage of bronze development,thus constituting the formative stage of the Chinese Bronze Age.Building upon this conclusion,this study further argues that the discussion regarding whether bronze gu-goblet existed in the Erlitou Tomb 87VM1 and whether the bronzes from this tomb should be attributed to the cultural phase of the Erligang Culture requires more cautious evaluation.
出处
《文物》
北大核心
2025年第5期61-69,1,共10页
Cultural Relics
