摘要
目的分析广西地区2012—2023年流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)的流行病学特征,为制定乙脑防控策略提供科学依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集2012—2023年广西地区乙脑发病资料,采用SPSS 17.0软件对数据进行流行病学描述性分析。结果2012—2023年广西地区共报告乙脑168例,年均发病率为0.030/10万,死亡7例、病死率4.17%,发病率从2012年的0.153/10万(71例)下降至2023年的0.006/10万(3例),其中男性107例、年均报告发病率0.036/10万,女性61例、年均发病率0.022/10万。乙脑发病季节明显,主要集中在每年6—7月、占总发病数的77.38%。病例呈散发,报告病例主要分布在河池市(37例,22.02%)、玉林市(31例,18.45%)、贵港市(22例,13.10%)、百色市(20例,11.90%)、来宾市(11例,6.55%)和贺州市(11例,6.55%),共占总发病数的78.57%。病例以0~14岁人群为主(164例,97.62%);职业分布主要为学生(80例,47.62%)、散居儿童(71例,42.26%)、幼托儿童(14例,8.33%)。病例中有免疫接种史44例(26.19%),无免疫接种史和不详共124例(73.81%)。结论广西乙脑发病率和病死率均较低,乙脑发病得到有效控制,0~14岁人群是防控的重点人群;建议继续做好乙脑的疫苗接种,加强重点地区重点人群的宣传教育。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of Japanese encephalitis(JE)in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2012 to 2023 and provide scientific evidence for developing JE prevention and control strategies.Methods JE incidence data from 2012 to 2023 in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were collected through the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Information System.Descriptive epidemiological analysis was performed using SPSS 17.0 software.Results A total of 168 JE cases were reported in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2012 to 2023,with an average annual incidence rate of 0.030/100000.Seven deaths occurred,resulting in a case fatality rate of 4.17%.The incidence rate decreased from 0.153/100000(71 cases)in 2012 to 0.006/100000(3 cases)in 2023.Among the cases,107 were male(average annual incidence rate 0.036/100000)and 61 were female(average annual incidence rate 0.022/100000).JE cases exhibited a distinct seasonal pattern,mainly concentrated between June and July each year,accounting for 77.38%of the total cases.Cases were sporadic and mainly distributed in Hechi city(37 cases,22.02%),Yulin city(31 cases,18.45%),Guigang city(22 cases,13.10%),Baise city(20 cases,11.90%),Laibin city(11 cases,6.55%),and Hezhou city(11 cases,6.55%),accounting for 78.57%of the total cases.The majority of cases(164,97.62%)were among individuals aged 0–14 years.The primary occupations of the cases were students(80 cases,47.62%),scattered children(71 cases,42.26%),and children in nurseries(14 cases,8.33%).Among the cases,44(26.19%)had a history of JE vaccination,while 124(73.81%)had no vaccination history or unknown vaccination status.Conclusions Both the incidence and case fatality rates of JE in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region are relatively low,indicating effective control of the disease.Children aged 0–14 years are the key target population for prevention and control.Continued efforts should be made to promote JE vaccination and strengthen health education among key populations in key areas.
作者
陈加贵
邓秋云
杜进发
杨仁聪
陈世毅
梁亮
甘明
邓丽丽
CHEN Jiagui;DENG Qiuyun;DU Jinfa;YANG Rencong;CHEN Shiyi;LIANG Liang;GAN Ming;DENG Lili(Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanning 530028,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Prevention and Control,Nanning 530028,China)
出处
《中国公共卫生》
北大核心
2025年第4期468-471,共4页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
基金
国家科技重大专项“一带一路”重要病媒生物携带病原体研究项目(2018ZX10101002-002)。
关键词
流行性乙型脑炎
流行病学特征
疫苗接种
广西壮族自治区
Japanese encephalitis
epidemiological characteristics
vaccination
Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region
