摘要
目的了解盐业体制改革后成都市新都区8~10岁儿童碘营养情况,为调整碘缺乏病干预措施提供科学依据。方法将成都市新都区按地理位置分为5个区域,2017—2023年每年在各区域进行随机抽样,抽取8~10岁走读学生进行尿液及家庭食盐采集,并检测尿液和食盐中碘含量水平,同时在2017、2020和2023年对被抽取儿童进行甲状腺检测。采用Python软件进行统计学分析,盐碘、尿碘含量比较采用Kruskal—Wallis H检验,率的比较采用χ^(2)检验,检验水准为α=0.05。结果2017—2023年成都市新都区采集儿童家庭食盐及尿样各1428份,盐碘中位数为28.19 mg/kg,其中2017、2022年合格碘盐食用率分别为89.47%和89.50%。尿碘中位数为191.5μg/L,其中尿碘值<100μg/L的占7.49%(107/1428),100~<200μg/L的占49.79%(711/1428),200~<300μg/L的占21.78%(311/1428),≥300μg/L的占20.94%(299/1428)。2017、2020和2023年儿童甲状腺B超检查共628人,甲肿率为4.78%。结论盐业体制改革后成都市新都区8~10岁年龄段儿童碘营养状况总体符合适宜水平,但甲状腺肿大的发生率相对较高,同时合格碘盐食用率在部分年份出现略低于国家规定的碘缺乏病消除标准的现象,需引起重视。
Objective To understand the iodine nutrition status of 8-10 year old children in Xindu District,Chengdu after the reform of the salt industry system,to provide scientific basis for adjusting intervention measures for iodine deficiency diseases.Methods First,five regions were divided based on geographical location of Xindu District.A random sampling was conducted annually in each of those five regions from 2017 to 2023,and samples of urine and household salt were collected from 8-10-year-old day school students,and iodine content in urine and salt was detected.Meanwhile,thyroid function tests were performed in 2017,2020 and 2023 years.Python software was used for statistical analysis.Kruskal-wallis H test was used for comparison of salt iodine and urinary iodine content in different groups,χ^(2) test was used for comparison of rates,and the significance level was set atα=0.05.Results From 2017 to 2023,1428 household salt and urine samples were collected from children in Xindu District of Chengdu.The median content of salt iodine was 28.19 mg/kg.The rates of consumption qualified iodized salt in 2017 and 2022 were 89.47%and 89.50%,respectively;the median content of urine iodine was 191.5μg/L.The individuals with urinary iodine value<100μg/L,100-<200μg/L,200-<300μg/L and≥300μg/L accounted for 7.49%(107/1428),49.79%(711/1428),21.78%(311/1428),and 20.94%(299/1428),respectively.A total of 628 children underwent thyroid ultrasound examinations in 2017,2020,and 2023,with a thyroid swelling rate of 4.78%.Conclusions After the reform of the salt industry system,the iodine nutrition level of 8-10 year old children is generally suitable in Xindu District,Chengdu City,but the rate of children's thyroid swelling is relatively high.Notably,the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt is slightly lower than the national iodine deficiency disease elimination standard in specific years,which needs to be taken seriously.
作者
刘昌静
代港
李晓琴
刘媞
LIU Changjing;DAI Gang;LI Xiaoqin;LIU Ti(Xindu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610500,Sichuan Province,China)
出处
《预防医学情报杂志》
2025年第5期654-658,共5页
Journal of Preventive Medicine Information
关键词
儿童
盐碘
尿碘
甲状腺肿大
children
salt iodine
urine iodine
goiter
