摘要
目的分析2012—2022年北京市海淀区肺结核报告发病情况,为海淀区制定针对性防治措施提供依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统子系统结核病管理信息系统,导出2012—2022年北京市海淀区肺结核患者传报卡数据,采用SPSS 24.0软件对报告发病率等进行描述性统计分析,并进行χ^(2)检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果2012—2022年北京市海淀区共报告肺结核患者11657例。年均报告发病率31.05/10万,年均递降率为5.54%。全年2月报告肺结核患者最少,为715例(6.13%),4月最多,为1096例(9.40%)。男性7193例(占61.71%)多于女性4464例(38.29%),男女性别比为1.61∶1,男性报告发病率平均递降率(5.98%)高于女性(4.22%)。报告病例职业以家务及待业为主,共3035例(26.04%)。20~29岁组报告肺结核患者数最多,共3554例(30.49%)。海淀区29个街镇中,四季青镇报告肺结核患者最多,共744例(6.38%)。结论2012—2022年北京市海淀区报告肺结核患者总体呈下降趋势,以男性、家务及待业、老年为主,下一步需针对重点人群和地区采取有针对性的防控措施,以及时发现肺结核患者。
Objective To analyze the reported cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in Haidian District,Beijing from 2012 to 2022,and to provide basis for formulating targeted prevention and control measures in the district.Methods Through the Tuberculosis Management Information System,a subsystem of the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System,data of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Haidian District of Beijing from 2012 to 2022 were exported.The reported incidence rates and other relevant data were discriptive analyzed by χ^(2) method using SPSS 24.0 software,and a P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results A total of 11657 pulmonary tuberculosis patients were reported in Haidian District of Beijing from 2012 to 2022.The average annual reported incidence rate was 31.05/105,with an average annual decline rate of 5.54%.The lowest number of reported pulmonary tuberculosis patients was 715(6.13%)in February,while the highest was 1096(9.40%)in April.There were 7193 male patients(61.71%)and 4464 female patients(38.29%),with a gender ratio of 1.61:1.The average annual decline rate of reported incidence in males(5.98%)was higher than that in females(4.22%).The majority of patients were engaged in housework or unemployed,with a total of 3035 cases(26.04%).The 20-29 age group reported the highest number of pulmonary tuberculosis patients,with 3554 cases(30.49%).Among the 29 streets and towns in Haidian District,Sijiqing Town reported the highest number of pulmonary tuberculosis patients,with 744 cases(6.38%).Conclusions The overall trend of reported pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Haidian District of Beijing from 2012 to 2022 showed a downward decline,with the majority of patients being male,unemployed or engaged in housework,and elderly.As a result,targeted prevention and control measures need to be implemented for key populations and regions to promptly identify pulmonary tuberculosis patients.
作者
刘曦
LIU Xi(Haidian Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Beijing 100094,China)
出处
《预防医学情报杂志》
2025年第5期575-581,共7页
Journal of Preventive Medicine Information
关键词
肺结核
发病率
流行病学特征
pulmonary tuberculosis
incidence rate
epidemiological characteristics
