摘要
确保粮食等农产品价格保持在合理水平是调动农民生产积极性、保障国家重要初级产品稳定供应的前提和基础。本文在梳理我国农产品价格政策演变基础上,分析农产品价格决定和波动机制,剖析近年来农产品价格走势及原因,提出确保农产品价格保持在合理水平的政策建议。研究表明:农产品供给呈现“三高”特点,即高产量、高进口、高储备;农产品需求则表现为“三不”,即消费不旺、加工不活、市场不振。农产品价格低迷,分析其主要原因是生产充足、进口激增和需求疲软。基于此,应抓好生产,确保产能;完善储备,强化调控;引导消费,稳定需求;协调贸易生产,减少进口冲击;完善期货市场,科学发现价格;加强供需分析,做好监测预警。
Ensuring that prices of grain and other agricultural products remain within a reasonable range is a prerequisite and foundation for motivating farmers'production enthusiasm and guaranteeing the stable supply of key primary products for the country.Based on an overview of the evolution of China’s agricultural product price policies,this paper analyzes the determinants and fluctuation mechanisms of agricultural product prices,examines recent trends and their causes,and offers policy recommendations to ensure that agricultural product prices stay within a reasonable range.The research indicates that the supply of agricultural products exhibits a“three-high”characteristic—high production volumes,high imports,and high reserves;meanwhile,demand shows a“three-not”pattern—weak consumption,underactive processing,and sluggish markets.The persistent low prices of agricultural products are mainly due to ample production,surging imports,and weak demand.Therefore,policies should focus on maintaining production capacity,improving reserves and market regulation,guiding consumption to stabilize demand,coordinating trade and production to reduce import shocks,developing futures markets for scientific price discovery,and strengthening supply-demand analysis and early warning monitoring.
作者
武拉平
罗屹
WU Laping;LUO Yi(College of Economics and Management,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083;Center for Price Cost Investigation and Certification,National Development and Reform Commission,Beijing 100045)
出处
《价格理论与实践》
北大核心
2025年第2期37-43,240,共8页
Price:Theory & Practice
关键词
农产品市场
农产品价格
价格政策
agricultural markets
agricultural prices
price policy
