摘要
《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》提出“全面推进精神障碍社区康复服务”。2007年,会所模式作为一种国际化社区康复模式被引入中国,其本土化的发展历程如何?本研究以长沙、深圳、成都三个城市中的5个会所为案例,研究会所模式在中国的发展历程、推广中的困难与模式创新,探索社会工作参与精神健康服务的可行路径。研究发现:初期,会所模式嵌入政府精神卫生医院和社区康复医疗体系,嵌入的方式是国际标准与本土环境的双向适应,具体路径为会所落地在医院,并向医院-社区一体化迈进;中期,会所模式受国家精神卫生政策与社会文化的影响,出现了多主体合作的结构性张力和会员就业目标实现受阻的功能性阻力;目前,会所逐步探索出了本土化的多重嵌合式发展路径,与提供服务的多主体初步建构了合作机制嵌合和资源整合。会所模式本土发展中的多重嵌合路径对中国精神卫生社会工作发展具有积极启示。
The requirement to“comprehensively promote community-based rehabilitation services for mental disorders”was proposed in the Outline of the“Healthy China 2030”Plan.The clubhouse model was introduced to China in 2007 as an internationalized community rehabilitation model.What is the development history of the localization of the clubhouse model?This study takes five clubhouses in three cities,Changsha,Shenzhen and Chengdu,as case studies to examine the development history of the clubhouse model in China,the difficulties and model innovations in its promotion,and to explore feasible paths for social work intervention in the community rehabilitation of mental disorders.The study found that:in the initial phase,the clubhouse model was embedded in government mental health hospitals and the community-based rehabilitation health system.The embedding was a two-way adaptation between international standards and the local environment,with a specific pathway for clubhouses to be located in hospitals and to move towards hospital-community integration.In the middle stage,due to the influence of national mental health policy and social culture,the clubhouse model has seen structural tensions of multi-agency cooperation and functional resistance to the achievement of members’employment goals.At the current stage,a multiple embedded development path of localization of the clubhouse model has been gradually developed,and a preliminary cooperation mechanism embedded and resource integration has been reached with multiple subjects of service provision.The multiple chimerical paths of localized development of the clubhouse model have positive implications for social work’s participation in the construction of the national psychosocial service system.
作者
高万红
李晓娇
王瑞清
Gao Wanhong;Li Xiaojiao;Wang Ruiqing
出处
《中国社会工作研究》
2024年第1期177-206,275-276,共32页
China Social Work Research
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“精神残障社会工作的本土实践与创新研究”(19BSH174)
云南大学研究核心课程建设项目“精神健康社会工作”
2023年度云南省研究生导师团队建设项目“多学科跨校合作的健康社会工作人才培养创新团队”支持
关键词
会所模式
嵌合
社区康复
精神障碍
Clubhouse Model
Chimerism
Community Rehabilitation
Mental Disorder
