摘要
明清时期中国不同地区的渔户与水域社会的图景,随着各地新资料的挖掘解读而逐渐完整清晰。本文综合运用实录、档案、方志、文集等史料,细致分析广西桂江流域所见渔户碑刻、族谱,试图站在“渔户”立场上,探究明清时期广西桂江流域渔户在户籍赋役制度变革、区域社会脉络下的生存策略与社会变迁特点。广西桂江连接着湘江与西江,也是明清粤盐、滇铜运输与米谷贸易及人员往来的重要河段。晚明清初,桂江渔户通过参与桂江巡哨、包纳渔课渔税及承应官府船差,从而获得桂江流域河道上捕鱼与水上运输的权利;黄、廖、周等姓渔户采取共同联合及构建宗族的方式,建立起房族轮应船差的机制,凝聚桂江流域不同河流的水上人群,形成广泛的水上社会网络,由此成为清代民国时期西江流域内河水上运输的重要力量。这进一步丰富了明清时期西江内河渔户、水域社会变迁与岭南水上交通关系的认识。
This article comprehensively uses historical materials such as governmental records,archives,local gazetteers,and anthologies,and analyzes inscriptions and genealogies of fishermen in the Gui River basin in Guangxi to explore their survival strategies and social changes during the Ming-Qing period.The Gui River connects the Xiang River and the West River,making it an important river section during the Ming-Qing Dynasties.At least in the early Qing Dynasty,some fishermen surnamed Huang,Zhou,and Liao obtained the right to monopolize river fishing and water transportation in the Gui River basin,but they had to undertake boat corvee for the local government.They adopted methods of joint alliance and clan construction,establishing a mechanism for the clan to alternate in undertaking boat corvee.This gathered many fishermen from different rivers in the Gui River basin,forming an extensive water social network.They became an important force for water transportation in the West River basin during the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China.This paper enriches the understanding of the relationship amonginland fishermen in the West River basin,social changes in territorial waters,and water transportation in southern China during the Ming-Qing periods.
出处
《中国社会历史评论》
2024年第2期268-287,384,共21页
Chinese Social History Review
基金
国家社科基金一般项目“明清时期桂江流域的环境、社会与文化研究”(19BZS103)
广西高等学校千名中青年骨干教师培训计划资助项目
关键词
渔户
船差
宗族
水上社会网络
桂江流域
Fishermen
boat corvee
clan
water social network
Gui river basin
