摘要
被称为“‘首位’后马克思主义思想家”的卡斯托里亚迪斯,其前中期思想亦十分丰富复杂,却没有得到应有的研究。他受到马克思、马克斯·韦伯、国家资本主义论者、詹姆斯·伯纳姆等人观点的影响,揭示了当代资本主义的官僚化趋势及其矛盾转化。卡斯托里亚迪斯认为,当代资本主义的根本问题不在经济发展的限度,而在生产领域的异化;官僚化的本质是“合理化”,这意味着社会一切领域的被操纵和极权主义。无产阶级应当将传统政治革命与日常生活革命相结合。我们应当辩证地看待卡斯托里亚迪斯对经典马克思主义的批评与发展。卡斯托里亚迪斯对马克思和经典马克思主义的诸多批评,实际上可能批评了某些形式的马克思主义并具有一定的意义,但并不构成瓦解经典马克思主义的任何充分理据。卡斯托里亚迪斯对当代资本主义的官僚化批判所具有的理论意义,决不在于推翻了经典马克思主义的分析范式,而应当在经典马克思主义的理论前提下得以确立。
Castoriadis is regarded as the"first post-Marxist thinker",whose thoughts in the early and middle stages are also deep and complex but have not been studied sufficiently.Influenced by Marx,Max Weber,State Capitalism and James Burnham,Castoriadis re-vealed the bureaucratization of contemporary Capitalism and its contradictions.Castoriadis argued that the fundamental problem of the contemporary Capitalism was not its economic limits,but the al.ienation of production.The essence of bureaucratization was"ra-tionalization",which meant the manipulation on all spheres of soci-ety and totalitarianism.The proletariat should integrate traditional political revolutions with daily life revolutions.We should treat dia-lectically the critique and development of Castoriadis on classic Marxism.Castoriadis's critique on Marx and classicMarxism might criticize some sects of Marxism,but couldn't overturn classic Marxism in any extent.The theoretical significance of Castoriadis's critique on the bureaucratization of contemporary Capitalism should be established under the premise of classic Marxism and by no means replaces the classic Marxism.
出处
《当代国外马克思主义评论》
2024年第4期206-229,共24页
Contemporary Marxism Review
基金
2023年度天津市社会科学规划青年项目“当代西方激进左翼的人民话语研究”(TJKSQN23-001)的阶段性成果
