摘要
为有效遏制汞元素在农产品中的积累,提升受汞污染耕地的安全使用效率,并逐步增强耕地环境及农产品质量安全的保障力度,特选取油菜、黄瓜、丝瓜、西红柿及水稻作为试验对象开展农产品种植试验。结果显示,油菜、黄瓜、丝瓜与西红柿作为低风险作物,植物体内汞累积量相对较低,即便在汞污染土壤中栽培,这些作物的食用安全性依然能够得到有力保障;水稻表现出较高的汞累积风险,其体内汞含量显著高于其他作物,因此,在汞污染土地上种植水稻需更为谨慎;在11个水稻品种中,总汞含量存在显著差异,其中,晶两优华占的总汞含量最低,被认定为低汞累积品种;应用根部阻隔技术时,土壤调理剂在降低水稻汞含量方面效果最为显著;实施叶面阻控技术,可有效抑制水稻对汞的转移与富集;当土壤调理剂与叶面阻控剂联合应用于水稻阻控时,植株体内汞含量达到最低,效果最为突出。在种植低汞累积品种时,使用根部与叶面阻控技术的综合应用,不仅实用性强、效率高,且具备广泛推广的潜力。
To enhance the safe utilization efficiency of contaminated farmland and progressively strengthen the assurance of soil quality and agricultural product safety.The research selected rapeseed,cucumber,loofah,tomato,and rice as experimental subjects and conducted comprehensive agricultural planting experiments.The experimental showed that rapeseed,1.Rapeseed,cucumber,loofah,and tomato were classified as low-risk crops that exhibited relatively low levels of mercury accumulation.Even when cultivated in mercury-contaminated soil,the edible safety of these crops could still be reliably assured.In contrast,rice demonstrated a higher risk for mercury accumulation,it showed significantly elevated mercury content compared to other tested crops.This indicated that cultivating rice on mercury-contaminated land necessitates heightened caution.Among the 11 rice varieties evaluated in this study,notable differences in total mercury content were observed.Jingliangyouhuazhan was identified as having the lowest total mercury content and was categorized as a low-mercury-accumulating variety.The application of root barrier technology revealed that the soil conditioner had a pronounced effect on reducing mercury levels in rice.Furthermore,implementing foliar control technology effectively inhibited both transfer and enrichment of mercury within rice plants.When combining soil conditioner with foliar control agent for managing rice cultivation under contaminated conditions,we achieved a significant reduction in plant mercury content,the lowest recorded level,demonstrating optimal effectiveness.The comprehensive implementation of low-mercury-accumulating plant varieties,in conjunction with root and foliar management technologies,is not only highly practical and efficient but also possesses significant potential for widespread adoption.
作者
罗峻洪
LUO Junhong(College of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)
出处
《耕作与栽培》
2025年第4期39-44,共6页
Tillage and Cultivation
关键词
汞污染
水稻
土壤综合调理
叶面阻控
mercury pollution
rice
soil comprehensive conditioning
foliar inhibitors
