摘要
目的了解松江区生活饮用水中消毒副产物的污染状况,为饮用水健康风险管理提供理论依据。方法2020—2022年根据松江区供水范围,分别于丰水期和枯水期共采集92份水样,对水样消毒副产物进行监测,按照美国环保局推荐的健康风险模型进行风险评估。结果出厂水、管网水、末梢水中共检出三氯甲烷、一氯二溴甲烷、二氯一溴甲烷、三溴甲烷、二氯乙酸、三氯乙酸、氯酸盐、亚氯酸盐、2,4,6-三氯酚等9种消毒副产物,其含量均符合《生活饮用水卫生标准》的规定。居民摄入消毒副产物的致癌风险为4.47×10^(-5),非致癌风险为3.54×10^(-2)。一氯二溴甲烷的致癌风险和非致癌风险分别为1.93×10^(-5)和1.15×10^(-2),对总致癌风险和非致癌风险贡献占比分别为42.4%和32.5%。结论松江区饮用水消毒副产物以三卤甲烷、卤乙酸和氯酸盐为主,其致癌和非致癌风险均在可接受范围内。一氯二溴甲烷为风险管理的重点对象。
Objective To investigate the contamination status of disinfection by-products(DBPs)in domestic drinking water in Songjiang District and to provide a theoretical basis for health risk management of drinking water.Methods From 2020 to 2022,a total of 92 water samples were collected during wet and dry seasons across the water supply areas of Songjiang District.The DBPs in the samples were monitored,and health risk assessments were conducted using the risk model recommended by the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency(USEPA).Results Nine types of DBPs were detected in finished water,pipe network water,and tap water:trichloromethane,chlorodibromomethane,dichlorobromomethane,tribromomethane,dichloroacetic acid,trichloroacetic acid,chlorate,chlorite,and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol.Their concentrations all complied with the Standards for Drinking Water Quality.The carcinogenic risk of DBP intake by residents was 4.47×10^(-5),and the non-carcinogenic risk was 3.54×10^(-2).Chlorodibromomethane contributed the highest carcinogenic risk(1.93×10^(-5))and non-carcinogenic risk(1.15×10^(-2)),accounting for 42.4%and 32.5%of the total risks,respectively.Conclusion The primary DBPs in Songjiang District’s drinking water were trihalomethanes,haloacetic acids,and chlorate,with both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks within acceptable ranges.Chlorodibromomethane should be prioritized for risk management.
作者
郭志文
唐佳玲
王丽娟
宋方舟
GUO Zhi-wen;TANG Jia-ling;WANG Li-juan;SONG Fang-zhou(Shanghai Songjiang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 201600,China)
出处
《中国消毒学杂志》
2025年第5期352-354,359,共4页
Chinese Journal of Disinfection
关键词
饮用水
消毒副产物
健康风险评估
drinking water
disinfection by-products
health risk assessment
