摘要
“十五五”规划期间,碳市场体系会进一步完善,“双碳”目标依然是钢铁行业需要关注的重要问题。气基直接还原铁—电炉流程是生产“绿钢”、降低碳排放的关键技术,但有三个制约因素:一是必须使用高品位矿;二是电炉炼钢控氮非常难,造成高端钢种生产困难;三是我国钢铁生产以长流程为主,其被改造为电炉短流程,会导致已建成的长流程设备闲置与浪费,不利于产业资源的优化配置。本文详细分析气基直接还原炼铁、多种铁矿熔分工艺和熔分炉的发展现状,认为针对中等品位矿的气基直接还原铁—熔分—转炉的绿色低碳冶炼流程,既能发挥出氢冶金的绿色低碳优势,又能利旧钢铁厂现有的大量转炉,进而降低钢铁厂的设备改造成本,同时继承转炉的生产经验。转炉钢冶炼,在最终产品方面具有极大的灵活性和适用范围,能源消耗小,产品附加值高。直接还原铁—熔分—转炉的绿色低碳冶炼流程适合作为我国钢铁企业绿色低碳改造的方向,是行业降低碳排放的一条新路径。
During the 15th Five-Year Plan period,the carbon market system will be further improved,and the“Dual Carbon”goal is still an important issue that the steel industry needs to pay attention to.The gas-based DRI-electric furnace process is a key technology for producing“green steel”and reducing carbon emissions,but there are three constraints:First,high-grade ore must be used;Second,it is very difficult to control nitrogen in electric furnace steelmaking,which makes it difficult to produce high-end steel grades;Third,China’s iron and steel production is dominated by long processes,which are transformed into short processes of electric furnaces,which will lead to idle and waste of long-process equipment that has been built,not conducive to the optimal allocation of industrial resources.The development status of gas-based direct reduction ironmaking,various iron ore smelting separation processes and smelting separation furnaces is analyzed in detail;and it is believed that the green and low-carbon smelting process of gas-based DRI-smelting separation-converter for medium-grade ores cannot only give full play to the green and low-carbon advantages of hydrogen metallurgy,but also benefit the existing large number of converters in old iron and steel plants,thereby reducing the equipment transformation cost of steel plants,and inheriting the production experience of converters.The smelting of converter steel has great flexibility and scope of application in terms of final products,low energy consumption and high added value of products.The green and low-carbon smelting separation process of DRI-smelting separation-converter is suitable as the direction of green and low-carbon transformation of China’s iron and steel enterprises,and is a new path for the industry to reduce carbon emissions.
作者
李军
李传民
刘亚峰
张奔
刘锦文
LI Jun;LI Chuanmin;LIU Yafeng;ZHANG Ben;LIU Jinwen(MCC Capital Engineering&Research Incorporation Limited(CERI),Beijing 100176,China)
出处
《烧结球团》
北大核心
2025年第3期1-11,25,共12页
Sintering and Pelletizing
基金
上海市科学技术委员会基金资助项目(19DZ2270200&20511107700)。
关键词
碳排放
氢冶金
中等品位铁矿
气基直接还原铁
熔分
carbon emissions
hydrogen metallurgy
medium-grade iron ore
gas-based DRI
smelting separation
