摘要
近年来,干旱已成为影响东北西部地区玉米生产最主要的障碍因子,该地区每个季节都会有干旱发生,有时甚至会连续发生。通过长期定位试验与室内分析相结合的方法,对不同秸秆还田方式下土壤水分特征曲线、土壤持水性、土壤供水能力以及土壤水分有效性的变化进行了研究,为选择合理的秸秆还田方式提供理论依据和指导。结果表明:不同秸秆还田方式下,0~20 cm与20~40 cm土层土壤饱和含水量、田间持水量、最大分子持水量、重力水、凋萎系数各处理与ck相比均有提高,其中SP处理提高的幅度较大;不同处理土壤比水容量大小顺序为SP>SA>SM>SC>SLH>ST,且0~20 cm土层高于20~40 cm土层;秸秆还田提高了土壤含水量与导水率,各处理大小顺序为SP>SA>SM>SC>SLH>ST,且0~20 cm土层高于20~40 cm土层。在生产实践中,提高土壤对水分的含蓄能力,是减轻干旱对作物生长发育影响的有效手段。
In recent years,drought has become the main obstacle factors affecting corn production in the western part of northeast China.Drought occurs every season,sometimes even continuously.Through the combination of long-term positioning test and indoor analysis,we studied the changes of soil water characteristic curve,soil water holding capacity,soil water supply capacity and soil water availability under different straw returning methods,so as to provide theoretical basis and guidance for the selection of reasonable straw returning methods.The experimental results showed that soil saturated water content,field water holding capacity,maximum molecular waterholding capacity,gravity water and wilting coefficient under straw returning condition were increased compared with ck.The value of 0-20 cm soil layer were the same as those of 20-40 cm soil layer,and the increase of SP treatment was larger.Compared with ck,the order of soil specific water capacity of different treatments was SP>SA>SM>SC>SLH>ST,and the value of 0-20 cm soil layer in each treatment was higher than that of 20-40 cm soil layer.Straw returning improved the value of soil water content and hydraulic conductivity.Compared with ck,the order of different treatments was SP>SA>SM>SC>SLH>ST,and the value of 0-20 cm soil layer was higher than that of 20-40 cm soil layer.In practice,improving the water holding capacity of soil is an effective means to reduce the impact of drought on crop growth and development.
作者
刘世杰
冯秋苹
王呈玉
孙嘉璐
姚俊红
王永恒
刘淑霞
LIU Shijie;FENG Qiuping;WANG Chengyu;SUN Jialu;YAO Junhong;WANG Yongheng;LIU Shuxial(College of Resources and Environment,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;Jilin Province Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Soil Resources in Commercial Grain Bases,Changchun 130118,China)
出处
《吉林农业大学学报》
北大核心
2025年第2期323-331,共9页
Journal of Jilin Agricultural University
基金
吉林省重点研发计划项目(20200403069SF)。
关键词
秸秆还田方式
土壤水分特征曲线
土壤蓄水能力
土壤水分常数
straw returning to field
characteristics of soil moisture curve
soil water storage capacity
soil moisture constant
