摘要
为选育适合湖北栽培的蓝莓优良品种,提高蓝莓栽培效益,以湖北随州引种的奥尼尔、夏普蓝、明星、密斯蒂、盛世、莱格西、绿宝石、蓝丰、钱得勒、布里吉塔、优瑞卡、瑞卡、灿烂及巴尔德温等14个蓝莓品种为试验材料,测定其保存率、树高、冠幅、主干数量、成熟期、单株产量、单位面积产量、单果质量、果实纵径、果实横径、果形指数、可溶性固形物含量、总酸含量、还原糖含量、花青素含量及固酸比等16项农艺性状和果实品质性状指标,比较性状指标的差异性,并采用主成分分析法对蓝莓品种进行综合评价。结果表明:16个指标在不同品种间均存在显著差异(p<0.05),其中,主干、成熟期、单株产量、单位面积产量、单果质量、可滴定酸含量、花青素含量和固酸比的变异系数较大,其变异系数分别为30.12%、33.79%、31.15%、43.62%、32.07%、29.41%、44.92%和31.91%;主成分分析提取了前5个主成分,累积方差贡献率达到87.28%,确定成熟期、单位面积产量、单果质量、可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸含量、花青素含量和固酸比作为蓝莓品种评价指标;14个品种中绿宝石和优瑞卡综合得分较高,分别为1.28和0.83,综合排名第1、第2位。绿宝石和优瑞卡适应性强、早熟、丰产、果实品质优,综合表现优良,可作为候选优良品种推广种植,扩大区域试验。
To breed superior blueberry cultivars suitable for cultivation in Hubei Province and improve the economic efficiency of blueberry production,fourteen blueberry cultivars introduced to Suizhou,Hubei,including O'Neal,Sharpblue,Star,Misty,Legacy,Emerald,Bluecrop,Chandler,Brigitta,Eureka,Reka,Brilliant,and Baldwin,were used as material to test their sixteen agronomic and fruit quality traits,including survival rate,tree height,crown diameter,number of main stems,maturity date,yield per plant,yield per unit area,berry weight,fruit length,fruit width,fruit shape index,soluble solid content,total acids content,reducing sugar content,anthocyanin content,and solid-acid ratio.Differences in trait indicators were compared,and principal component analysis(PCA)was used for comprehensive evaluation.The results showed that significant differences were observed in 16 indicators among the cultivars(p<0.05).Among them,the variation coefficient of main stems,maturity date,yield per plant,yield per unit area,single berry weight,titratable acid content,anthocyanin content,and solid-acid ratio was 30.12%,33.79%,31.15%,43.62%,32.07%,29.41%,44.92%,and 31.91%,respectively.PCA identified five principal components,accounting for 87.28%of the cumulative variance contribution.The maturity date,yield per unit area,single berry weight,soluble solid content,titratable acid content,anthocyanin content,and solid-acid ratio were determined as the evaluation indexes for blueberry cultivars.Among the 14 cultivars,Emerald and Eureka had higher comprehensive score of 1.28 and 0.83,and ranked first and second,respectively.Emerald and Eureka are highly adaptable,early-maturing,high yield with excellent fruit quality.They are recommended as candidate superior cultivars to promote planting and increase regional trials.
作者
佘远国
张莹
李雅琦
钦捷
SHE Yuanguo;ZHANG Ying;LI Yaqi;QIN Jie(Hubei Ecology Polytechnic College,Wuhan,Hubei,430200,China;Hubei Suizhilan Ecological Agriculture Development Co.Ltd.,Suizhou,Hubei,441200,China)
出处
《中国南方果树》
北大核心
2025年第3期192-197,202,共7页
South China Fruits
基金
湖北省林业局科研基金项目(2020LYKJ07)
湖北省教育厅科研计划项目(B2021510)
湖北生态工程职业技术学院校级科研项目(STKY202013)资助。
关键词
蓝莓
农艺性状
果实品质
主成分分析
综合评价
品种筛选
blueberry
agronomic traits
fruit quality
principal component analysis
comprehensive evaluation
variety selection
