摘要
水热管理技术的运用有利于解决质子交换膜燃料电池(proton exchange membrane fuel cell,PEMFC)散热需求大、低温冷启动慢、寿命短等问题。对大功率燃料电池进行动态响应试验,利用皮尔森相关性系数验证了温湿度与有效输出电压的相关性,并通过文献分析水管理和热管理对燃料电池的影响,总结了现阶段的水热管理方法与建模方式。水管理方法主要有反应气体加湿、内部结构设计和排水控制,但无法实现较为准确的水含量在线检测,闭环控制较为困难。而热管理技术较为成熟,利用传统热机的水冷却方法并结合所制定的温度控制策略对热管理子系统中的水泵和风扇进行控制,使电堆温度和进出口冷却水温差稳定在合理的范围。温度与电堆内部水分布具有强耦合性,往往单一的温度变量、水变量研究并不能真实反映温度和水含量对燃料电池性能的影响。未来使用高效的水热耦合技术,综合考虑温度与水含量对PEMFC的影响才是提高其性能、有效改善附件寄生功率、延长使用寿命的关键。
Hydrothermal management technology is conducive to solving the problems of proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC),such as large heat dissipation demand,slow cold start,and short life.The dynamic response test of a high-power fuel cell was carried out,and the correlation between temperature and humidity and effective output voltage was verified by Pearson correlation coefficient.The influence of water management and thermal management on fuel cell was analyzed by literature review,and the current hydrothermal management and modeling methods were summarized.Water management methods mainly include reaction gas humidification,internal structure design,and drainage control,but it isn't easy to achieve accurate online water content detection and closedloop control.On the other hand,thermal management technology is relatively mature.The water cooling method of the traditional heat engine and the temperature control strategy is used to control the water pump and fan in the thermal management subsystem so that the temperature of the fuel cell and the temperature difference of inlet and outlet cooling water are kept in a reasonable range.However,there is a strong coupling between temperature and water distribution in the stack,so the single temperature variable and water variable study can not truly reflect the influence of temperature and water content on the performance of fuel cell.In the future,it is the key to improve the performance of fuel cell,effectively improve the parasitic power of appendage,and prolong its service life by using efficient hydrothermal coupling technology and considering the influence of temperature and water content comprehensively.
作者
武小花
杨钢
周鸿旭
陈洲
范占锋
WU Xiao-hua;YANG Gang;ZHOU Hong-xu;CHEN Zhou;FAN Zhan-feng(Vehicle Measurement Control and Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Xihua University,Chengdu 610039,China;School of Architecture and Civil Engineering,Chengdu University,Chengdu 610106,China)
出处
《科学技术与工程》
北大核心
2025年第17期7031-7039,共9页
Science Technology and Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(52407254)
四川省科技计划(2024YFHZ0314)
成都市科技局项目(2022-YF05-01047-SN)。
关键词
质子交换膜燃料电池
水管理
热管理
耦合管理
proton exchange membrane fuel cell
water management
thermal management
coupling management
