摘要
煤气化工程作为现代煤化工产业发展的核心领域,其为煤炭清洁高效的主要利用途径之一,即各种煤气化技术随着经济发展应运而生,但也导致大量煤气化渣的产生,因而需对煤气化渣中未经气化的碳、无机矿物以及重金属等资源利用深度处理,从而促进工业固废根据元素的价值进行综合开发和利用,以期提高工业固废在各个领域的高价值利用程度。介绍煤气化渣的产生、分类和其理化属性,结合煤气化渣具有独特的物理和化学属性,分析煤气化渣制备催化剂的优势,并深入讨论成功制备的催化剂在各领域应用中所面临的挑战和潜在机会。在煤气化渣的催化剂制备过程中,需考虑原煤的产地、炉型、气化工艺不同而使不同煤气化渣的理化性质存在差异,根据不同煤种考虑不同的制备工艺以探索理化性质对催化剂制备的影响规律,充分发挥其高含碳量、多孔结构和高活性的优势,开发过程简单、适应性强的煤气化渣催化剂制备路线。选择合适的碳灰分离或炭灰同步利用方式,加强组分转化和改性,高效实现煤气化渣中无机矿物和残炭组分的分级利用以减少其对环境的影响。利用由煤气化渣制备的催化剂以处理多种污染物,可实现废物再利用的目标,促进其被大规模消纳和资源再利用,从而实现绿色、低碳的循环利用。
As a core area of modern coal chemical industry development,coal gasification engineering is one of the main ways to clean and efficiently utilize coal.Various coal gasification technologies have emerged with economic development,but it also leads to the production of a large amount of coal gasification slag.Therefore,it is necessary to deeply treat the resources such as carbon,inorganic minerals,and heavy metals in coal gasification slag that have not been gasified,in order to promote the comprehensive development and utilization of industrial solid waste according to the value of elements,and to improve the high-value utilization of industrial solid waste in various fields.The generation,classification,and physicochemical properties of gasification slag were introduced,the advantages of preparing catalysts from gasification slag based on its unique physical and chemical properties were analyzed,and the challenges and potential opportunities faced by successfully prepared catalysts in various fields were discussed in depth.In the process of preparing catalysts for coal gasification slag,it is necessary to consider the differences in the physical and chemical properties of different coal gasification slag due to the origin,furnace type,and gasification process of the raw coal.Different preparation processes should be considered according to different types of coal to explore the influence of physical and chemical properties on catalyst preparation,fully utilizing its advantages of high carbon content,porous structure,and high activity,and developing a simple and adaptable coal gasification slag catalyst preparation route.The graded utilization of inorganic minerals and residual carbon components in coal gasification slag are efficiently achieved by appropriate carbon ash separation,simultaneous utilization methods,strengthen component conversion and modification to reduce their impact on the environment.The goal of waste reuse is achieved by the use of catalysts prepared from coal gasification slag for treating various pollutants to promote its large-scale consumption and resource reuse,realizing green and low-carbon circular utilization.
作者
寇丽红
王冠宇
刘红
刘敏
李兰廷
KOU Lihong;WANG Guanyu;LIU Hong;LIU Min;LI Lanting(China Coal Research Institute Corporation Ltd.,Beijing 100013,China;National Energy Technology&Equipment Laboratory of Coal Utilization and Emission Control,Beijing 100013,China;CCTEG Low-carbon Technology Institute,Beijing 100013,China;Institute of Chemical Engineering,University of Science and Technology Liaoning,Anshan 110325,China)
出处
《煤质技术》
2025年第3期42-50,62,共10页
Coal Quality Technology
基金
煤炭科学技术有限公司科技发展基金资助项目(2023CX-Ⅱ-01)。
关键词
煤气化渣
催化剂
碳灰分离
理化性质
制备工艺
煤气化技术
coal gasification slag
catalyst
carbon-ash separation
physicochemical properties
preparation process
coal gasification technology
