摘要
微机电系统(Micro-electro Mechanical System,MEMS)数字检波器因成本高昂,限制了其在油气勘探中的大规模应用。然而,随着技术进步,融合无线节点仪器优势的数字节点仪器应运而生,为低成本获取低频信号开辟了新途径。本文基于两种数字节点仪器,深入分析了加速度域数据转换为速度域数据的技术细节及其对地震数据的影响。结果表明:①加速度信号中的原始低频噪声是积分噪声的主要来源;②积分转换会增强低频噪声,从而在一定程度上降低信噪比,但当高频干扰显著且中低频段有效信号占优时,转换后的速度域信号仍能维持较高的信噪比;③与自然频率为5 Hz的模拟节点相比,数字节点经转换后的速度域数据在1~6 Hz频段能量显著增强,尤其在1.5 Hz处增幅最大;④结合实践经验,建议在处理阶段而非采集阶段进行积分转换。本研究成果为数字节点仪器在低频信号获取与处理中的应用提供了技术支撑与实践指导。
MEMS(micro-electro mechanical system)digital geophones have been limited in large-scale applications for oil and gas exploration due to their high costs.However,technological advancements have given rise to digital nodal instruments that integrate the advantages of wireless nodal systems,opening new avenues for cost-effective acquisition of low-frequency signals.This study conducted an in-depth analysis of the technical details and its impact on seismic data regarding the conversion of acceleration-domain data to velocity-domain data based on two types of digital nodal instruments.The results demonstrate that:①the original low-frequency noise in acceleration signals constitutes the primary source of integrated noise;②integration conversion amplifies low-frequency noise,thereby reducing the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)to some extent,yet the converted velocity-domain signals can maintain high SNR when high-frequency interference is significant and effective signals dominatein mid-low frequency bands;③compared with analog nodes with a natural frequency of 5Hz,digital nodes exhibit significantly enhanced energy in the 1~6 Hz frequency band after conversion,particularly showing the maximum enhancement at 1.5 Hz;④practical experience suggests that integration conversion should be implemented during the processing phase rather than the acquisition phase.These findings provide technical support and practical guidance for the application of digital nodal instruments in low-frequency signal acquisition and processing.
作者
蔡存军
路交通
瞿维迎
王志红
汪涛
Cai Cunjun;Lu Jiaotong;Qu Weiying;Wang Zhihong;Wang Tao(Sinopec Geophysical Corporation International Department,Beijing 100020,China)
出处
《工程地球物理学报》
2025年第3期459-467,共9页
Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics
基金
中石化石油工程地球物理有限公司项目(编号:SCG-2024-14)。
关键词
低频信号
数字节点仪器
加速度域信号
积分转换
速度域信号
low-frequency signals
digital nodes instrument
acceleration domain signal
integration conversion
velocity domain signal
