摘要
目的探究运动员长距离速度滑冰经济性(SSE)与运动成绩及下肢运动学特征的关系。方法招募30名优秀长距离速滑男运动员,运用便携式气体代谢仪在冰场测定无氧阈速度和在70%、80%、90%无氧阈速度下的SSE;采用惯性运动捕捉系统获取80%无氧阈速度滑行中的运动学指标。采用皮尔逊相关分析法探究运动成绩及运动学指标与SSE之间的相关性。结果运动成绩与3种速度下的SSE(r=0.706~0.743,P<0.01)均高度相关;SSE与单步长(r=0.603,P=0.016)、双支撑时间(r=0.454,P=0.034)中度相关;与触冰时刻髋关节外展角度(r=0.453,P=0.046)以及大腿(r=0.512,P=0.032)、小腿(r=0.475,P=0.041)、足(r=0.431,P=0.029)矢状轴加速度成中度相关;与蹬冰时刻髋、膝关节屈曲角度(r=-0.562,P=0.035;r=-0.623,P=0.027)以及离冰时刻踝关节旋转角度(r=0.435,P=0.029)、足矢状轴加速度(r=0.475,P=0.033)也具有中度相关性;另外,SSE还与质心垂直轴与额状轴加速度峰值比值(r=-0.712,P=0.019)高度相关。结论优秀运动员具有更好的SSE,充分的蹬冰距离和时间、适宜的蹬冰角度和时机以及流畅的动作衔接有利于改善运动员的SSE。
Objective To explore the relationship between speed skating economy(SSE),athletic performance,and lower extremity kinematics.Method 30 excellent male long-distance speed skaters were recruited to measure the anaerobic threshold speed and SSE at 70%,80%and 90%anaerobic threshold speed with portable gas metabolizer.The inertial motion capture system obtained the Kinematic indicators of 80% anaerobic threshold speed.Results Sports performance and SSE(r=0.706~0.743,P<0.001)showed a high correlation;SSE was highly correlated with single step length(r=0.603,P=0.016),and moderately correlated with double support time(r=0.454,P-0.034).It was moderately correlated with the acceleration of thigh(r=0.512,P=0.032),shank(r=0.475,P=0.041)and foot(r=0.431,P=0.029).It was moderately correlated with hip joint(r=0.562,P=0.035)and highly correlated with knee flexion angle(r=0.623,P=0.027).There was a moderate correlation between ankle rotation angle(r=0.435,P=0.029)and foot sagittal axis acceleration(r=0.475,P=0.033),and a high correlation between the ratio of peak acceleration of vertical axis and frontal axis(r=0.712,P=0.019).Conclusion Elite athletes have better SSE.Adequate skating distance and time,appropriate skating angle and timing and smooth movement connection are conducive to improving the SSE of athletes.
作者
郭磊
刘宇
杨金田
CUO Lei;LIU Yu;YANG Jintian(School of Exercise and Health,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;Physical Education Department,Shandong Technology and Business University,Yantai 264005,Shandong,China;School of Public Administration,Hebei University of Economics and Business,Shijiazhuang 050061,China)
出处
《西安体育学院学报》
北大核心
2025年第2期226-235,共10页
Journal of Xi'an Physical Education University
基金
国家重点研发计划“科技冬奥”重点专项(2019YFF0302005)
山东省社会科学规划研究项目(24CTYJ06)。
关键词
速度滑冰
运动经济性
氧耗量
惯性动作捕捉
speed skating
economy kinematics
oxygen cost of transport
inertial motion capture
