摘要
针对大型灌区渠系结构复杂,制定配水计划时参数多,编码复杂、计算量大的问题,协调多级渠系配水时渠道之间的流量关系构建一种将多目标与多级渠系相结合的优化配水模型,该模型基于系统分解协调理论,将干、支、斗三级灌溉渠系分解为两层递进协调模型。第一层以最小化输水损失和灌区缺水量最小为目标的多目标配水模型,第二层为基于遗传算法求解的约束整个灌区三级渠系的总体协调配水模型。以陕西省东部某大型灌区2023年夏季灌溉数据为例,对模型优化效果进行验证,并与灌区原有经验配水方案进行对比分析。结果表明:1)优化后灌溉水总量为1006.45万m^(3),与原计划的1035.54万m^(3)接近,但配水周期缩短至36 d,相较于原来的56 d大幅减少,有效提高了灌溉效率;2)89.7%的渠道配水流量得到了提升,37.9%的渠道流量增长超过80%,不仅渠道的过流能力得到大幅提升,同时减少了闸门调节次数,简化了灌区的管理操作;3)优化方案减少了320.19万m^(3)的输水渗漏损失,渠道灌溉水利用系数提高约0.14,且满足灌区大部分渠道的用水需求。本研究模型和算法能较好地解决多级灌溉渠系优化配水问题,为制定科学合理的灌区配水方案、推动灌区智慧化建设提供了理论依据和实践参考。
Aiming at the complexity of large-scale irrigation canal system structures and the problems of multiple parameters,complex coding,and large computational complexity when formulating water distribution plans,this study coordinates the flow relationships of water between channels during the multilevel canal system water distribution the flow relationships of water between channels to build a multiobjective and multilevel canal system combined with the optimization of water distribution mode.The model is based on the theory of coordination of system decomposition,and dry,branch and bucket,the threelevel irrigation canal system,are decomposed into a two-tiered progressive coordination model.The first layer is a multi-objective water distribution model with objectives of minimizing water loss and irrigation district water deficit,and the second layer is an overall coordinated water distribution model constraining the whole three-level canal system in irrigation district based on genetic algorithm solution.Taking the summer irrigation data of 2023 in a large-scale irrigation district in eastern Shaanxi Province as an example,the optimization effect of the model constructed in this study is verified and compared and analyzed with original empirical water distribution scheme of irrigation district.The results show that:1)The total amount of irrigation water after optimization is 10.0645 million m^(3),which is close to the original plan of 10.3554 million m^(3).However,the water distribution cycle is shortened to 36 d,which is a significant reduction compared with the original 56 d,and effectively improves irrigation efficiency.2)About 89.7 percent of channel distribution flows are improved and 37.9 percent of channel flows are increased by more than 80 percent,which not only improves the overflow capacity of the channels but also reduces the gate capacity.greatly improved.The management operation of the irrigation district is symplified.3)The optimization scheme reduces water transmission leakage loss by 3.219 million m^(3).The canal irrigation water utilization coefficient is increased by 0.14,which meets the water demand of most of the canals in the irrigation district.Therefore,the model and algorithm constructed in this study can better solve the problem of optimized water distribution in multi-stage irrigation canal systems,and provide a theoretical basis and practical reference for formulating scientific and reasonable water distribution schemes in irrigation districts and promoting the intelligent construction of irrigation districts.
作者
皮滢滢
王文娥
胡笑涛
王辰
张宝忠
吴彩丽
PI Yingying;WANG Wen’e;HU Xiaotao;WANG Chen;ZHANG Baozhong;WU Caili(Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid Areas of Ministry of Education,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;National Center of Efficient Irrigation Engineering and Technology Research,Beijing 100048,China;Key Laboratory of River Basin Digital Twinning of Ministry of Water Resources,Beijing 100038,China)
出处
《中国农业大学学报》
北大核心
2025年第6期183-193,共11页
Journal of China Agricultural University
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(U2243235)
国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1900402)。
关键词
灌溉渠系
优化配水
分解协调思想
遗传算法
多目标
irrigation canal system
optimal water distribution
decomposition-coordination method
genetic algorithms
multiobjective
