摘要
粮食安全是国家发展和社会稳定的基础,探究农作物种植结构的时空演变可为保障区域粮食安全、促进区域农业可持续发展提供理论依据。选取汾渭平原117个县(市/区)为研究对象,以2000—2022年农业统计数据为数据源,运用标准差椭圆模型、空间自相关等方法,探讨2000—2022年汾渭平原县域主要农作物种植结构的时空演变规律。结果表明:(1)2000—2022年汾渭平原共出现了88种农作物种植结构类型,其中,小麦和玉米及其组合类型是汾渭平原主要的农作物种植结构类型。从时空分布来看,小麦型的县域数目逐渐减少,玉米型县域数目逐年增加,小麦玉米型县域逐渐由汾渭平原西南地区向东北地区扩散;而玉米小麦型在汾渭平原各地均呈零散分布的格局。从类型丰富度来看,2005年农作物种植结构类型最丰富,而2015年丰富度指数最小。(2)2000—2022年汾渭平原小麦、玉米和蔬菜种植格局均呈现沿东北—西南方向分布的格局,小麦重心基本保持稳定,玉米重心不断向东北方向偏移,蔬菜重心由合阳县向西南方向偏移到澄城县。总之,汾渭平原主要农作物空间分布呈现差异化发展态势,小麦种植面积呈现缩减态势,而玉米和蔬菜则呈现扩张态势,未来宜在研判农作物种植结构时空发展态势的基础上,从保障粮食安全的视角加强对汾渭平原农作物种植结构的宏观调控。
Food security is fundamental to national development and social stability.The analysis of the spatiotemporal evolution of crop planting structures provides a theoretical basis for ensuring regional food security and promoting the sustainable development of agriculture.This study examines the crop planting structure across 117 counties(cities/districts)in the Fenwei Plain,Shanxi Province and Shaanxi Province,China based on agricultural statistical data for the period of 2000—2022.Employing methods such as the standard deviation ellipse model and spatial autocorrelation analysis,the spatial and temporal dynamics of major crop planting structures over this period are explored.The results indicate the following.(1)Over the study period,88 distinct crop planting structure types were identified,with wheat,corn,and their combinations(wheat type,corn type,wheat-corn type,and corn-wheat type)being the dominant types.Moreover,spatially and temporally,the number of wheat-type counties gradually declined,while the number of corn-type counties steadily increased.Wheat-corn-type counties expanded from the southwest to the northeast of the Fenwei Plain,while corn and wheat varieties were dispersed throughout the region.Crop planting structure diversity peaked in 2005,whereas the richness index was lowest in 2015.(2)For the period of 2000—2022,the planting patterns of wheat,corn,and vegetables exhibited a distribution trend along the northeast-southwest axis.The center of gravity for wheat remained stable,whereas that of corn shifted progressively northeastward.Meanwhile,the center of gravity for vegetables moved from Heyang County to Chengcheng County in a southwestward direction.Thus,the spatial distribution of major crops in the Fenwei Plain demonstrates a differentiated development trend,with a decline in wheat cultivation and expansion in corn and vegetable cultivation.To ensure food security,future adjustments to the crop planting structure of the Fenwei Plain should be made based on an analysis of these spatiotemporal trends and supported by macroeconomic regulatory measures.
作者
苗颖凤
原野
周正伟
赵嘉瑜
郭宇茜
MIAO Yingfeng;YUAN Ye;ZHOU Zhengwei;ZHAO Jiayu;GUO Yuxi(School of Public Administration,Shanxi University of Finance and Economics,Taiyuan 030006,Shanxi,China)
出处
《干旱区地理》
北大核心
2025年第6期995-1005,共11页
Arid Land Geography
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究项目(23YJC630222)
山西省基础研究计划项目(202303021211138)
国家自然科学基金(41907408)资助。
关键词
农作物种植结构
时空演变
空间自相关
汾渭平原
crop planting structure
temporal and spatial evolution
spatial autocorrelation
Fenwei Plain
