摘要
灵芝是一种传统中药材,目前已实现大规模人工栽培,三萜和多糖类成分是其中主要的活性成分。现有研究更关注活性成分的功能,而较少关注灵芝栽培条件对灵芝中活性成分的影响,如栽培基质对灵芝中三萜和多糖的含量的影响,不同栽培时期灵芝中三萜和多糖含量的变化规律,且现有研究由于使用的检测方法不同,研究结论尚不统一。本文以4株灵芝菌株为研究对象,使用苯酚硫酸法和超高压液相-质谱联用,比较了木屑-麸皮和木屑2种栽培基质配方下,在原基期、子实体初期、成熟期和孢子期分别采收得到的子实体中三萜和多糖的含量变化,研究发现灵芝子实体的总多糖和总三萜含量较高的时期集中在原基期和子实体初期,在孢子期总多糖和总三萜含量均处于较低水平,木屑-麸皮基质栽培条件下灵芝子实体中多糖和三萜的总含量高于以木屑基质栽培条件下获得的灵芝子实体,尤其是在芝盖形成期。此外,通过比较原基期、芝盖形成期和成熟期子实体的采收产量,建议在实际生产中,宜在木屑-麸皮基质栽培条件下,收集修剪下来的芝盖形成期子实体,或针对芝盖形成期子实体进行多次采收,所获得的高多糖、高三萜灵芝原料可用于灵芝产品的加工生产。
Ganoderma lingzhi is a traditional Chinese medicine and has been artificially cultivated on a large scale.Triterpene and polysaccharides are the main bioactive compounds in G.lingzhi.Most present studies focused on the medicinal functions of these bioactive substances.However,the effects of cultivation conditions,such as type of substrate or growth stages,on the accumulation of bioactive substances are less well studied.Besides,the different determination methods of bioactive substances using in present studies often lead to dissimilar conclusion.In this study,four strains of G.lingzhi were used as target strains and their content of polysaccharides and triterpenoids were determined by phenol-sulfuric acid method and ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry.The content of polysaccharides and triterpenoids in fruiting bodies grown in two different substrates(sawdust-wheat bran and sawdust)and four growth stages(primordium formation,beginning of fruiting,maturation and sporulation)were compared.It was found that the content of polysaccharides and triterpenoids in the fruiting bodies reached the highest level at primordium stage or beginning of fruiting stage,and decreased to lower level at the sporulation stage.The content of polysaccharides and triterpenoids in fruiting bodies growing on sawdust-wheat bran was relatively higher than that on sawdust.The yields of G.lingzhi fruiting bodies harvested at different growing stages were compared.For the sake of obtaining higher yield of polysaccharides and triterpenoids,using sawdust-wheat bran as cultivation substrate,collecting the fruiting bodies at the beginning of fruiting stage and repeatedly harvesting the fruiting bodies at refruiting stages are the best choice.
作者
马延梅
周帅
冯娜
刘艳芳
王金艳
唐庆九
韩伟
张劲松
MA Yanmei;ZHOU Shuai;FENG Na;LIU Yanfang;WANG Jinyan;TANG Qingjiu;HAN Wei;ZHANG Jingsong(National Engineering Research Centre of Edible Fungi,Key Laboratory of Applied Mycological Resources and Utilisation(South),Institute of Edible Fungi,Shanghai Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Shanghai 201403,China;Engineering Research Centre of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry,Ministry of Education,Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design,School of Pharmacy,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China)
出处
《菌物学报》
北大核心
2025年第5期138-148,共11页
Mycosystema
基金
国家重点研发计划(2023YFD1600501)
上海市现代农业产业技术体系(沪农科产字[2022]第9号)
上海市农业科学院卓越团队建设计划(G2022003)。
关键词
灵芝
三萜
多糖
栽培基质
采收时期
Ganoderma lingzhi
triterpenoid
polysaccharide
cultivation substrate
harvesting stage
