摘要
中职新生经历了从普通教育到职业教育的场域转移,这不仅是学习环境与空间的物理迁移,更是一次深刻的心理、认知及社会角色的重塑过程。对全国东中西部14个省(市)80所中职学校的17158名2024级中职新生进行问卷调查,并对重庆、四川、云南三地共50名中职新生开展访谈,结果显示:中职新生群体在家庭经济资本、文化资本和社会资本方面均处于劣势地位;中职新生入学前对职业教育的认识匮乏且片面、对专业的认识浅薄且模糊、对教育选择的认识无奈且消极;中职新生升学意愿强烈,但对职教高考与学习期待不足。基于此,提出以下建议:第一,强化职业教育类型教育特征,明确人才培养个性化与差异化;第二,扩充“职普融通”教育阶段范畴,前置职业启蒙教育至基础教育阶段;第三,提高职教高考地位,优化中职升学机制。
New students entering vocational secondary education experience a transition—from general education to vocational education.This is not merely a physical move from one learning environment to another,but also a profound process of psychological,cognitive,and social role reconstruction.A questionnaire survey was conducted among 17,158 new students from 80 vocational secondary schools across 14 provinces in eastern,central,and western China,and interviews were carried out with 50 new students in Chongqing,Sichuan,and Yunnan.The results show that new vocational secondary students generally occupy a disadvantaged position in terms of family economic capital,cultural capital,and social capital.Prior to enrollment,these students lacked and held limited understandings of vocational education,had superficial and unclear knowledge about their chosen fields,and felt helpless and negative about their educational choices.Although they demonstrated strong aspirations for further education,their understanding of vocational college entrance exams and their academic expectations remained insufficient.Based on these findings,the following suggestions are proposed:First,strengthen the characteristics of vocational education as a distinct educational type,emphasizing personalized and differentiated talent development;second,expand the scope of"integration of general and vocational education,"introducing career orientation education into basic education at an earlier stage;third,enhance the status of vocational college entrance exams and optimize the higher education admission mechanisms for vocational students.
作者
林克松
朱奕捷
Lin Kesong;Zhu Yijie
出处
《职教发展研究》
2025年第2期63-70,共8页
Vocational Education Development and Research
基金
国家社会科学基金2024年度教育学一般课题“西部地区县域职校关键办学能力综合评价及提升路径研究”(项目编号:BJA240170)。
关键词
职业教育
中职新生
场域转移
入学认识
学习期待
Vocational Education
New Vocational Secondary Students
Field Transfer
Admission Perceptions
Learning Expectations
