摘要
为了解冀北山地不同发育时期天然次生林植被多样性差异及种群分布格局的变化,以河北省承德市木兰围场国有林场和塞罕坝机械林场的阔叶混交林和针阔混交林为研究对象,应用塞罕坝和木兰围场2021-2024年的林下植被动态监测数据和林分调查数据,依据天然次生林演替阶段的划分原则,将冀北山地天然次生林演替阶段划分为竞争生长阶段((白桦(Betula platyphylla)-山杨(Populos davidiana)混交林,发育Ⅰ期)、质量选择阶段(华北落叶松(Larix gmelinii var.principis-rupprechtii)-白桦混交林,发育Ⅱ期)和近自然阶段(白桦-华北落叶松-云杉,发育Ⅲ期)。采用空间代替时间的方法、单因素方差分析法及双相关函数g(r)分析木本植物空间分布格局。结果表明:(1)随着演替的进行,不同发育期物种丰富度指数呈先增后减趋势,香浓-威纳(Shannon-Wiener)指数、皮洛均匀度(Pielou’s)指数在发育Ⅰ期与发育Ⅱ期相近,均低于发育Ⅲ期。(2)不同发育时期,树种分布格局在小尺度上均存在空间聚集分布,但发育Ⅰ期与发育Ⅱ期同时还存在均匀分布,并且随着空间尺度的增加,聚集性分布树种数量下降直至聚集率为零;3个发育时期树种分布格局在大尺度上均为随机分布。
To understand the differences in vegetation diversity and changes in population distribution patterns of natural secondary forests at different developmental stages in the mountainous areas of northern Hebei Province,this study selected broad-leaved mixed forests and coniferous-broadleaved mixed forests in Mulan Paddock State-owned Forest Farm and Saihanba Mechanical Forest Farm in Chengde City,Hebei Province as the research objects.Based on the dynamic monitoring data of understory vegetation and forest stand survey data from 2021 to 2024 in Saihanba and Mulan Paddock,and according to the classification principles of natural secondary forest succession stages,the succession stages of natural secondary forests in the mountainous areas of northern Hebei were divided into the competitive growth stage(mixed forest of Betula platyphylla and Populus davidiana,developmental stageⅠ),the quality selection stage(mixed forest of Larix gmelinii var.principis-rupprechtii and B.platyphylla,developmental stageⅡ),and the near-natural stage(B.platyphylla-L.gmelinii var.principis-rupprechtii-Picea asperata,developmental stageⅢ).The spatial-temporal substitution method,one-way analysis of variance,and pair correlation function g(r)were used to analyze the spatial distribution patterns of woody plants.The results showed that:(1)With the progress of succession,the species richness index first increased and then decreased.The Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou’s evenness index were similar in developmental stages I andⅡ,both lower than those in developmental stageⅢ.(2)At different developmental stages,tree species showed spatially aggregated distribution patterns at small scales,but there was also uniform distribution in developmental stagesⅠandⅡ.With the increase of spatial scale,the number of tree species with aggregated distribution decreased until the aggregation rate reached zero.At large scales,the distribution patterns of tree species in all three developmental stages were random.
作者
吕宝磊
吕亚楠
乔润鑫
刘启霖
常佳欣
黄选瑞
刘强
马莉薇
Lyu Baolei;Lyu Ya’nan;Qiao Ruixin;Liu Qilin;Chang Jiaxin;Huang Xuanrui;Liu Qiang;Ma Liwei(Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,P.R.China)
出处
《东北林业大学学报》
北大核心
2025年第7期1-9,共9页
Journal of Northeast Forestry University
基金
“十四五”国家重点研发计划课题(2022YFD2200503-02)
河北省自然科学基金项目(C2021204002)
河北省林业和草原科技创新计划项目(2001021)
河北省林草关键技术创新与示范“揭榜挂帅”项目(2025JBGS0004)。
