摘要
检察工作现代化要求检察机关落实“慎诉”刑事司法政策,履行起诉必要性审查职责,做到“可诉可不诉的不诉”。然而,我国刑事案件中因起诉必要性审查统一规范缺失、相对繁琐的不起诉流程的制约、“构罪即诉”办案理念的影响,并未建立常态化、实质化的起诉必要性审查机制,无法发挥起诉必要性审查制度的审前分流、程序出罪功能。比较分析域外检察官自由裁量权的行使发现,各国对起诉必要性审查的案件范围、审查要素、规制方式均进行了细化规定,相关程序设计较为系统。我国完善刑事案件起诉必要性审查机制应当合理借鉴域外有益经验,厘清起诉必要性审查的案件范围和考量要素,建立起诉必要性审查的可操作性规范,优化不起诉程序设计,科学设置不起诉案件考评机制,纠正检察机关“构罪即诉”办案理念,提高检察机关开展起诉必要性审查的积极性和主动性,促使检察机关敢于行使自由裁量权。
The modernization of prosecutorial work requires procuratorial organsto implement the"prudent prosecution"criminal justice policy and conscientiously fulfill their prosecutorial necessity review responsibilities,adhering to the principle of"refraining from prosecution when it is discretionary".However,China's criminal justice system currently lacks a regularized and substantive prosecutorial necessity review mechanism due to the absence of unified review standards,relatively cumbersome non-prosecution procedures,and the influence of the"prosecute-if-conviction-is-possible"case-handling philosophy.This deficiency prevents the prosecutorial necessity review system from fulflling its functions of pretrial diversion and procedural exoneration.A comparative analysis of prosecutorial discretion in foreign jurisdictions reveals that other countries have established systematic provisions regarding the case scope,review elements,and regulatory mechanisms for prosecutorial necessity review.To improve China S prosecutorial necessity review system,it is advisable to draw on relevant international experience by clarifying the case scope and considerations for necessity review,establishing operational review standards,optimizing non-prosecution procedures,implementing scientific evaluation mechanisms for non-prosecution cases,correcting the"prosecute-if-conviction-ispossible"mindset,and enhancing procuratorial organs'initiative in conducting prosecutorial necessity reviews to encourage the appropriate exercise of discretion.
作者
刘少军
闫树一
Liu Shaojun;Yan Shuyi(Anhui University,Hefei Anhui 230601)
出处
《警学研究》
2025年第2期108-117,共10页
Police Science Research
基金
2022年度国家社科基金后期资助项目“企业合规附条件从宽制度研究”的阶段性成果,项目编号:22FFXB062。
关键词
起诉必要性审查
起诉裁量权
慎诉
不起诉
轻罪治理
prosecutorial necessity review
prosecutorial discretion
prudent prosecution
non-prosecution
management of minor offenses
