摘要
种植体周病是口腔疾病谱中的一类炎症性疾病,因种植体周菌群失调和微生物与宿主失衡所致。种植体周病分为种植体周黏膜炎和种植体周炎:种植体周黏膜红肿,探诊出血和(或)溢脓,病变局限于软组织的为种植体周黏膜炎;病变累及种植体周软硬组织,不仅出现黏膜组织炎症表现,而且具有骨丧失特征的为种植体周炎。种植体周病如同牙周炎具有明确的病因、组织病理学特征、临床表现,目前也具有国际共识的诊断标准。本文简要介绍种植体周病的病因、组织病理学特征、检查和诊断要点、预防与非手术治疗、手术治疗,以期引起口腔医师的高度重视,尤其是从事口腔种植与修复的医师应具备牙周健康和种植体周健康的理念,掌握种植体周病的基本理论知识和防治方法,同时也应告知患者做好自我菌斑控制,维护自身口腔健康。
Peri-implant diseases are inflammatory diseases in the spectrum of oral diseases,which are caused by the dysbiosis of peri-implant flora and the imbalance between microorganism and host.Peri-implant diseases are divided into two types:peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis.The diagnostic definition of peri-implant mucositis is based on presence of peri-implant signs of inflammation(redness,swelling,line or drop of bleeding/suppuration following probing)and no additional bone loss following initial healing.The clinical definition of peri-implantitis is based on not only the presence of peri-implant signs of inflammation but also radiographic evidence of bone loss following initial healing.Peri-implant diseases,like periodontitis,have clear etiology,histopathological features,clinical manifestations,and current international consensus diagnostic criteria.This article provides an overview of the etiology,histopathological features,key points of examination and diagnosis,prevention and non-surgical treatment,and surgical treatment of peri-implant diseases.The aim is to raise the awareness of dentists,especially those who specialize in oral implantology and restoration,to have a concept of periodontal and implant health,master the basic theoretical knowledge and prevention and treatment methods of peri-implant diseases,and also inform patients to control plaque and maintain their oral health.
作者
冯向辉
韩劼
释栋
孟焕新
Feng Xianghui;Han Jie;Shi Dong;Meng Huanxin(Department of Periodontology,Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology&National Center for Stomatology&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases&National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices&Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《中华口腔医学杂志》
北大核心
2025年第5期443-453,共11页
Chinese Journal of Stomatology
基金
北京大学口腔医院临床新技术新疗法项目(PKUSSNCT-21B10)。
关键词
牙周炎
种植体周病
牙菌斑
病因
组织病理学
治疗
Periodontitis
Peri-implant diseases
Dental plaque
Etiology
Histopathology
Treatment
