摘要
本文旨在采用振动台模型试验方法,研究不同类型地震波作用下土-储罐-液体体系的动力响应特征.以上海某软土场地为背景,配制了用于振动台试验的模型土;分别选取普通地震波El Centro波、近场脉冲地震波TCU075和远场长周期地震波HKD095作为输入,设计并开展了土体自由场(Free Field,FF)和土-储罐-液体体系(Soil-Tank-Liquid,STL)振动台模型实验,对比研究了三种不同类型地震波在不同输入强度下土体自由场和土-储罐-液体体系地震反应的变化规律.试验研究结果表明:与El Centro波、TCU075波作用相比较,由于HKD095波低频成分丰富,各低频成分均有明显的放大效应,相应的土体表面加速度放大系数值最大,对于PGA=0.2 g工况,其最大加速度放大系数值达2.64;储罐结构侧壁加速度响应幅值随着结构高度增加而增大,长周期地震波HKD095作用下,储罐结构侧壁的加速度响应值明显大于其他两种波作用的结果;动水压强随着液体深度的增加而增大,最大动水压强位于储罐底部附近区域,与震害“象足”区域基本一致,是储罐结构的薄弱部位;液体随着储罐运动产生晃动效应,在长周期地震波HKD095作用下波高响应幅值远大于El Centro波和TCU075波作用的结果,本实验当PGA=0.4 g时,液体晃动波高已接近储罐顶部,易引发液体溢出风险.
This study investigates the dynamic response characteristics of soil-tank-liquid(STL)systems under various seismic excitations through shaking table model tests.Based on the geotechnical conditions of a soft soil site in Shanghai,scaled soil models were fabricated for experimental simulations.Three representative seismic waves were selected as input motions:conventional-frequency El Centro wave,near-fault pulse-type TCU075 wave,and far-field long-period HKD095 wave.A series of comparative experiments were conducted on both free-field(FF)soil models and STL systems under progressively increasing peak ground accelerations(PGAs).Key findings include:(1)The HKD 095 wave,containing rich low-frequency components(0.1-0.5 Hz),induces pronounced amplification effects across these frequencies.This results in the maximum soil surface acceleration amplification factor of 2.64 at PGA=0.2 g,exceeding those observed under El Centro and TCU 075 excitations.(2)Tank wall acceleration responses demonstrate height-dependent amplification,with HKD 095 excitation producing larger peak accelerations compared to other waveforms.(3)Hydrodynamic pressure distributions reveal maximum values near the tank base,corresponding to the vulnerable"elephant's foot"buckling zone observed in seismic damage patterns.(4)Liquid sloshing amplitudes under HKD 095 excitation reach critical levels at PGA=0.4 g,approaching the tank's freeboard height and substantially increasing spillage risk.
作者
廖聪
陈清军
刘逸坤
陈曦
LIAO Cong;CHEN Qingjun;LIU Yikun;CHEN Xi(State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Department of Disaster Mitigation for Structures,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)
出处
《力学季刊》
北大核心
2025年第2期509-519,共11页
Chinese Quarterly of Mechanics
基金
国家自然科学基金(51778489)
科技部国家重点实验室基础研究资助项目(SLDRCE19A-02)。
关键词
土体自由场
土-储罐-液体体系
不同类型地震波
模型设计
振动台试验
free field of soil
soil-tank-liquid system
different types of seismic excitations
model design
shaking table test
