摘要
北方沿海地区因季节性温差大、养殖周期短等特点,传统单一品种养殖模式面临资源利用率低、病害频发等瓶颈。本文结合日本对虾(Penaeus japonicus)、南美白对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)及三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)的生态位互补性,系统优化池塘生态混养技术,提出包括池塘工程改造、种间配比调控、水质精准管理等关键措施。通过案例验证,2024年1月至12月,该模式可实现平均综合效益3万元以上,为北方海水池塘养殖提供可行性方案。
Northern coastal regions face significant challenges in aquaculture due to large seasonal temperature variations and short farming cycles,resulting in low resource utilization efficiency and frequent disease outbreaks under traditional monoculture systems.This study systematically optimizes polyculture techniques by leveraging the ecological niche complementarity of kuruma shrimp(Penaeus japonicus),Pacific white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei),and swimming crab(Portunus trituberculatus).Key integrated measures include:Pond infrastructure modification;Interspecies ratio optimization;Precision water quality management.Field trials conducted from January to December 2024 demonstrated that this model achieves an average comprehensive benefit exceeding 30000 CNY per unit,providing a viable solution for marine pond aquaculture in northern China.
作者
汉景明
于盟盟
许传堂
王磊
HAN Jingming;YU Mengmeng;XU Chuantang;WANG Lei(Rizhao City Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries,Rizhao 276826,China)
