摘要
作为重商主义思想在国内贸易领域的重要经济形式,行会学徒制长期以来在经济监管和社会治理方面发挥积极作用,却在18世纪遭受自由贸易者系统而全面的挑战并迅速解体。戏剧《伦敦商人》塑造了代表重商主义者的行会师傅与代表着自由贸易者的欲望经济从业者,二者对立情节映射了英国社会围绕商业问题在两种经济思想上的论争,本剧通过经济思想性别化叙事呈现了早期英国主流经济理论与实践的动态转变。该剧塑造了理想化的重商主义者,更表达了对剧中自由从业者的同情与认可,这既传达了对传统重商主义经济秩序的眷恋及对学徒制解体带来的社会混乱的担忧,又预见了新兴的古典经济学自由市场思想可能的最终胜利,影射出18世纪英国社会的经济思想转型焦虑。
As a pivotal economic institution of mercantilist ideology within domestic trade,the guild apprenticeship system long played an active role in economic regulation and social governance yet faced systematic and comprehensive challenges from free trade advocates during the eighteenth century,leading to its rapid disintegration.In the play The London Merchant,George Lillo constructs a dramatic confrontation between a guild master representing mercantilist principles and practitioners of desire-driven economic practices embodying free trade ideologies.This antagonism mirrors the broader British societal debate between two competing economic philosophies regarding commercial affairs.Through a gendered narrative framework applied to economic thought,the play reveals the dynamic shifts within early British mainstream economic theory and practice.While portraying idealized mercantilist figures,the drama simultaneously expresses sympathy and recognition toward free economic agents,resulting in thematic ambiguity.This duality not only conveys nostalgia for the traditional mercantilist economic order and anxieties about social disorder following the collapse of apprenticeship systems,but also anticipates the potential triumph of emerging classical economic free-market ideologies.Such narrative tensions reflect the profound societal anxieties in eighteenth-century Britain regarding the transformation of economic paradigms.
作者
陶久胜
殷博
Tao Jiusheng(The Faculty of Foreign Languages,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China)
出处
《外国语文研究》
2025年第3期1-18,共18页
Foreign Language and Literature Research
基金
国家社科基金重大招标项目“英国文学经济思想史”(编号:22&ZD289)。
关键词
乔治·李洛
《伦敦商人》
行会学徒制
重商主义
自由市场思想
George Lillo
The London Merchant
the guild apprenticeship system
mercantilism
free market thought
