摘要
在国家种业振兴战略背景下,生物育种省实验室作为高能级新型研发平台,正迎来建设热潮。通过整合科研院所、高校和龙头企业资源,我国构建起覆盖四大地理区域的协同创新网络,加速推进种源自主可控和种业科技自立自强的战略目标。该文以我国新建的12家生物育种省实验室为案例,经过文献研究与实地调研,首先阐明了我国生物育种省实验室的建设背景;其次梳理了生物育种省实验室的主要特征,即建设规模超强度、参与单位多元化、人才队伍高层次、研究领域多主题、科研成果待转化、空间分布不均衡等;最后分析了我国生物育种省实验室未来发展的趋势。该研究旨在为我国生物育种领域强化战略科技力量提供参考。
[Significance]The acceleration of national laboratory construction in China since 2017 has spurred parallel development at the provincial level.These provincial laboratories represent a new class of high-level R&D institutions jointly established through multi-stakeholder collaboration under provincial government leadership.Currently,23 provinces have established 124 provincial laboratories,with this number showing consistent annual growth.This development has created novel platforms and opportunities for biological breeding research in China.By the end of 2024,twelve specialized provincial biological breeding laboratories have been established across Guangdong,Hunan,Hubei,Hainan,Henan,Jiangsu,and Shaanxi provinces.These institutions have flourished as vital components of China's regional innovation ecosystem,playing a strategic role in enhancing independent innovation capacity in biological breeding,safeguarding national food security,and advancing agricultural modernization.This study conducts a systematic case analysis of these twelve provincial biological breeding laboratories,examining their establishment background,distinctive characteristics,and developmental trajectories.The findings aim to inform strategies for strengthening China's scientific and technological capabilities in this critical field.[Progress]This study employs a dual methodology combining comprehensive literature review with extensive field research to investigate China's provincial biological breeding laboratories.First,we systematically analyze the establishment background of these institutions,focusing on the current landscape of domestic and international research organizations in biological breeding,and the unique role of provincial laboratories as innovative platforms for China's agricultural biotechnology development.These critical factors collectively explain the emergence of these distinctive provincial-level research entities.Second,we propose a tripartite developmental framework to characterize the evolution of China's biological breeding laboratories:the incubation period(initial establishment),the growth period(capacity expansion),and the development period(mature operation).This phased approach provides a structured understanding of their institutional progression.Finally,through comparative analysis,we identify six defining characteristics that distinguish these provincial biological breeding laboratories in terms of their organizational structure,research focus,and operational mechanisms.①The scale of construction is super-intensive.The average construction area of the Biological Breeding and Breeding Provincial Laboratory is 14.09 h㎡,and the average capital investment is 1.268 billion yuan,which reflects the government's great intensity and wide layout of the laboratory.②Diversification of participating units.Biological breeding provincial laboratories are mainly built by provincial agricultural science academies,universities,new research and development institutions,and relevant government departments,and the lack of unified evaluation standards will lead to a situation of fragmentation.③High-level talent team.The Provincial Laboratory of Biological Breeding gathers many high-level academicians and researchers in the field of agriculture,and realises inter-regional scientific research cooperation and resource sharing through the dual-employment mode.④Multi-thematic research areas.The research and development results of the Provincial Laboratory of Biological Breeding mainly include fish,chilli,rape and other varieties,and with the research and development and promotion of new technologies in biological breeding,it will promote the transformation of the results to the benefit of the people all over China.⑤scientific research results to be transformed.Due to the development time is not long,at present China's biological breeding provincial laboratories of the results of the transformation of efficiency is not high,the results of the transformation of the service system is not sound,scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation urgently need to be integrated.⑥spatial distribution is not balanced.There is an uneven spatial distribution of the construction of biological breeding provincial laboratories,and the construction of strong economic provinces is relatively strong and fast,which will lead to the further expansion of agricultural science and technology resources in the inter-regional differences.[Conclusions and Prospects]In the future,China's biological breeding provincial laboratories have a certain‘latecomer's advantage’,which will present five major trends,such as international cooperation competition,national top-level strategic traction,management mode innovation and reform,scientific and technological talent cultivation optimisation,and transformation of intelligent breeding technology.In short,as a new research and development institution in the field of agriculture,China's biological breeding provincial laboratory construction is in the ascendant,and is committed to overcoming the key problems in the field of seed industry,in order to ensure national food security,and then promote the comprehensive revitalisation of the countryside and the process of building a strong agricultural country.
作者
何科方
钟成威
甘畅
王戈颜
HE Kefang;ZHONG Chengwei;GAN Chang;WANG Geyan(School of Management,Wuhan Polytechnic University,Wuhan 430023,China)
出处
《实验技术与管理》
北大核心
2025年第5期261-267,共7页
Experimental Technology and Management
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(24CJL032)
湖北省教学改革研究项目(2024375)
武汉轻工大学研究生教育教学改革研究项目(2024JY07)。
关键词
生物育种
省实验室
特征
biological breeding
provincial laboratory
characteristics
