摘要
该文设计了不同InP量子点的制备、材料表征和制氢活性分析光催化综合性实验,作为“材料分析方法”课程实验。首先通过热注入法设计合成了三类不同的量子点:单独的InP量子点、壳层修饰的InP/ZnS量子点及Ni掺杂ZnS的InP/ZnS(InP/Ni:ZnS)量子点;通过X射线衍射分析、能量散射X射线谱、紫外可见吸收光谱和发光光谱对其结构组成、元素分布、带隙大小等进行了分析;通过光催化制氢活性研究了ZnS壳层以及Ni掺杂对InP量子点材料催化活性的影响。学生可在整个过程中将理论与实践有机结合,了解量子点光催化制氢的基本原理,掌握前沿热点材料量子点的制备,并加强对相关材料分析方法的认识。
[Objective]This article describess thd design of a comprehensive photocatalytic experiment involving the preparation,material characterization,and hydrogen evolution activity analysis of various types of InP quantum dots,and demaonstrates its integration into the experimental teaching of the course“Material Analysis Methods”.At the current stage,the majority of the experimental content and application cases in the course“Material Analysis Methods”are still focused on traditional materials with general applicability.Therefore,the introduction of quantum dots into the curriculum,along with the exploration of their preparation methods and analysis of the test results,aims to deepen students'understanding and enhance their skills.[Methods]Initially,three distinct types of quantum dots were designed and synthesized via the hot injection method:pure InP quantum dots,InP/ZnS quantum dots with shell layer modification,and InP/ZnS(InP/Ni:ZnS)quantum dots doped with Ni in ZnS.The structural composition,elemental distribution,and band gap size of these quantum dots were analyzed through X-ray diffraction(XRD)analysis,energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS),UV-visible absorption spectroscopy,and photoluminescence spectroscopy.The influence of the ZnS shell layer and Ni doping on the catalytic activity of InP quantum dot materials was investigated via photocatalytic hydrogen evolution testing.[Results]XRD and EDS results confirm the successful growth of the ZnS shell layer and Ni doping.The UV-visible absorption spectrum shows that the absorption peak of InP quantum dots is located at 534 nm,while InP/ZnS quantum dots have a distinct characteristic absorption at 491.5 nm.The absorption peaks of InP/Ni:ZnS quantum dots with doping levels of 1%,3%,and 5%are located at 500.9 nm,503.9 nm,and 504.8 nm,respectively.In comparison,the absorption positions of quantum dots with a ZnS shell layer have all undergone a blue shift relative to InP quantum dots.The characteristic absorption positions of InP/Ni:ZnS quantum dots have experienced a certain degree of redshift with the increase of doping levels.In the fluorescence spectrum,InP shows a clear emission peak at 565 nm,while InP/ZnS has an emission peak at 534 nm.The InP/Ni:ZnS quantum dots also exhibit a clear emission peak,with the peak position redshifted compared to InP/ZnS quantum dots(540 nm),which is consistent with the results of the UV-visible absorption spectrum.According to the bandgap calculation formula,the growth of the ZnS shell layer increases the bandgap width of the material,while the doping of Ni can reduce the bandgap of InP/ZnS.Finally,the hydrogen production tests of the three types of quantum dots show that InP has the highest hydrogen production activity.Compared with InP/ZnS,the hydrogen production activity of InP/Ni:ZnS quantum dots with Ni doping is enhanced,and the activity of InP/3%Ni:ZnS quantum dots is about 4 times higher than that of undoped InP/ZnS quantum dots.[Conclusions]When the ZnS shell layer grows relatively thick,the photo-generated carriers recombine before effectively migrating to the material surface to participate in the hydrogen evolution reaction,significantly reducing the number of effective electrons available for the reaction,thereby decreasing its activity compared to pure InP quantum dots.For core-shell structured quantum dot materials like InP/ZnS,an appropriate amount of Ni doping can construct a transmission channel for photo-generated electrons,enabling the electrons within the material to effectively migrate to the surface to participate in the hydrogen evolution reaction,thereby effectively enhancing the catalytic performance of the material.The entire experimental process integrates theory with practice,involving the preparation of quantum dot materials and analysis of results,allowing students to understand the basic principles of quantum dot hydrogen evolution and to fully recognize the cutting-edge and popular materials in the discipline,while internalizing the course knowledge.
作者
于姗
谢江川
叶嘉乐
陈钇江
王芳
罗玉梅
周莹
YU Shan;XIE Jiangchuan;YE Jiae;CHEN Yijiang;WANG Fang;LUO Yumei;ZHOU Ying(School of New Energy and Materials,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China)
出处
《实验技术与管理》
北大核心
2025年第5期214-219,共6页
Experimental Technology and Management
基金
四川省产教融合示范项目“四川省光伏产业产教融合综合示范基地”(川财教[2022]106号)
西南石油大学2024—2026年校级本科教育教学改革研究项目一般项目(X2024JGYB33)。
关键词
实验设计
实验教学
量子点制备
光催化
材料分析方法
experimental design
experimental teaching
quantum dot preparation
photocatalysis
materials analysis methods
