摘要
该文搭建了一套换热器热工性能与数值模拟协同实验系统,基于该系统重构了教学内容,以换热器案例问题驱动,融入换热器对流传热过程的数理分析,培养学生基于科学思维的工程创新意识。学生通过测定流量、温度和压差,计算换热器传热系数和阻力;以实验测试数据为输入边界,模拟换热器内的流场、压力场和温度场分布,精确描述换热器内的传热和流阻特征,探究不同运行工况对换热器性能的影响。教学实践表明换热器协同实验丰富了实验教学内容,弥补了热工性能测试学时长、工况少、内部换热机制不清的不足,培养了学生的科技创新意识。
[Objective]Enhancing the thermal performance of heat exchangers is critical for improving energy conversion efficiency.However,in traditional heat exchanger experiments,students typically calculate the heat transfer coefficient and flow resistance by measuring temperature,flow rate,and pressure of hot and cold fluids.This approach makes it difficult for them to visualize the flow patterns and temperature distribution within the heat exchanger channels,limiting their ability to optimize performance through structural or operational modifications.To cultivate students'innovation capabilities in heat exchanger design and strengthen their research skills,this study explores the integration of numerical simulation with experimental teaching.A collaborative system combining heat exchanger thermal performance experiments and Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)simulations was developed.[Methods]This study establishes teaching objectives for the integrated experimental-numerical approach and designs a structured workflow for experimental testing and simulation.The system consists of heat exchangers,a parameter measurement setup,and a computer interface,enabling diverse teaching activities such as heat transfer theory instruction,thermal performance testing,enhanced heat transfer research,and energy-saving technology competitions.During instruction on numerical heat transfer methods,instructors use heat exchanger fluid flow and heat transfer as a case study.Students are guided to analyze convective heat transfer characteristics,develop mathematical models,and measure fluid temperatures and flow rates.These experimental parameters are then applied as boundary conditions in CFD simulations to obtain detailed flow,temperature,and pressure fields inside the heat exchanger.The course elucidates the relationship between heat transfer mechanisms and engineering applications,cultivating students’engineering innovation capability based on scientific theories.[Results]Students measured hot and cold water volumetric flow rates using flowmeters,calculated mass flow rates,and recorded inlet/outlet temperatures and pressure drops for both sides of the heat exchanger.From these data,they determined the heat transfer coefficient and flow resistance.Applying similarity principles,they derived a correlation for the average Nusselt number.Using experimental data as boundary conditions,CFD simulations revealed velocity,pressure,and temperature distributions within the heat exchanger.Comparative analysis of non-uniform temperature fields and varying operational conditions provided insights into performance optimization.[Conclusions]The integration of numerical simulation with experimental teaching addresses key limitations of traditional thermal performance testing,such as lengthy procedures,limited test conditions,and unclear internal heat transfer mechanisms.By combining classroom instruction with hands-on experimentation,students can explore multiple operating conditions iteratively.This collaborative approach effectively enhances their exploration ability and technological innovation capabilities.
作者
宋翀芳
雷勇刚
杜保存
潘武轩
王永辉
SONG Chongfang;LEI Yonggang;DU Baocun;PAN Wuxuan;WANG Yonghui(College of Civil Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China)
出处
《实验技术与管理》
北大核心
2025年第5期174-179,共6页
Experimental Technology and Management
基金
山西省高等学校教学改革创新项目(J2021123,J2021158,2022YJJG075)
山西省科技创新人才团队专项(202304051001011)
国家自然科学基金项目(51906172)。
关键词
换热器
传热系数
数值模拟
流场
heat exchanger
heat transfer coefficient
numerical simulation
flow field
