摘要
传统专利布局策略应用对于受管制技术领域具有局限性,在美国技术出口管制的背景下,充分考虑目标市场的专利布局是打破技术出口管制和提高技术创新的关键。分析美国技术出口管制制度的3个阶段,明晰该项制度的实施背景和原因,认为美国实施的技术出口管制制度使得中国通过并购获取技术的路径日益狭窄,技术或货物贸易在某种程度上受到限制或禁止,并对中国关键核心技术领域的专利布局带来挑战。为应对美国技术出口管制,可以采取基于专利导航策略的专利布局措施。在国家层面,发挥主权专利基金的作用,为激励创新和权益维护提供充足的资本与制度保障;在产业层面,构建专利联盟的集成运作机制,以美国实施技术封锁的产业为布局目标;在企业层面,打造关键核心技术领域的创新联合体,以美国《关键和新兴技术清单》中限制出口的技术为研发基础,以契约为基础,投入资金、人才和技术,形成知识产权共享、资源共用等互利共赢的合作机制。
Traditional patent layout strategies have limitations when applied to regulated technology sectors.In the context of U.S.technology export controls,carefully considering patent layouts in target markets is key to overcoming export restrictions and enhancing technological innovation.This study reviews the evolution of the U.S.technology export control regime through three distinct phases while analyzing its geopolitical motivations and policy implications.It finds that the current regime has increasingly restricted China's access to advanced technologies via mergers and acquisitions,and imposed significant limitations on technology and goods trade,thereby posing serious challenges to China's patent deployment in key core technology sectors.To address these challenges,the paper proposes a multilevel patent layout strategy guided by patent navigation principles.At the national level,sovereign patent funds should be mobilized to provide capital and institutional safeguards for innovation and IP protection.At the industry level,patent alliances should be established to coordinate collective responses in sectors targeted by U.S.technology blockades.At the enterprise level,innovation consortia should be formed around technologies listed in the U.S.Critical and Emerging Technologies List focusing on contract-based collaboration and joint investment in R&D,talent,and IP sharing.This framework seeks to enhance China's resilience in navigating global tech competition under export restrictions.
作者
陈祥玲
苏莹
张舒琳
Chen Xiangling;Su Ying;Zhang Shulin(School of Law,Hunan Institute of Technology,Yueyang 414006,China;National Science Library,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 101408,China)
出处
《科技管理研究》
2025年第8期21-29,共9页
Science and Technology Management Research
基金
湖南省社会科学基金青年项目“新一代自主安全计算系统产业知识产权对外转让风险防控法律规则研究”(24YBQ062)。
关键词
专利布局
专利导航
关键核心技术
技术封锁
技术出口管制
patent layout
patent navigation
key core technology
technology blockade
technology export control
