摘要
权利外观规则是以保护善意第三人利益为目的的规范。以这一规范性质为出发点,根据法律不得强迫得利原则,善意第三人可以放弃权利外观规则的保护。允许善意第三人行使选择权,有利于意思自治得到最大程度的实现。授权理论因缺乏实质评价理由而不具有正当性。善意第三人行使选择权并不违反禁止反言原则。针对善意第三人行使选择权可能会带来的不确定性,可以通过相应机制予以消除。善意第三人行使选择权,通常会导致相应法律关系处于效力待定状况,在真实权利人行使追认权前,其可通过行使撤销权的方式结束这种效力待定状况。善意第三人具有选择权,并不意味其既可以部分地主张真实法律状况,又可以部分地主张法律外观。
The rule of appearance of right is one aimed at protecting the interests of a bona fide third party.Taking the nature of this rule as a starting point,according to the principle of Invito beneficium non datur,a bona fide third party may waive the protection afforded by the rule of appearance of right.Allowing a bona fide third party to exercise the right to choose is conducive to the realization of autonomy to the greatest extent.The theory of authorization is not justified due to lack of substantive evaluation reasons in the argument.The exercise of the right to choose by a bona fide third party does not violate the principle of estoppel.The uncertainty that may be caused by the exercise of the right to choose by a bona fide third party can be eliminated through the corresponding mechanism.The exercise of the right to choose by a bona fide third party usually leads to the corresponding legal relationship being in a state of pending validity,which can be terminated by the exercise of the right of revocation before the real right holder exercises the right of ratification.However,the fact that a bona fide third party has the right to choose does not mean that it can partially invoke the real legal situation and partially invoke legal appearance.
出处
《政治与法律》
北大核心
2025年第6期162-176,共15页
Political Science and Law
基金
中国法学会民法学研究会青年学者研究项目“权利外观理论与法律行为理论关系研究”(项目编号:2023MFXH007)的研究成果。
关键词
权利外观
选择权
法律不得强迫得利原则
葡萄干理论
Appearance of Right
Right to Choose
Invito Beneficium Non Datur
Theory of Raisins
