摘要
使用假学历等虚假专业资格获取超额薪酬的行为具有严重的法益侵害性,但尚未得到我国刑法学界的深入讨论。德国的司法判例与刑法通说认为,在此类聘用诈骗行为中,行为人获得的超额薪酬可被认定为受害者遭受的财产损失,因此行为人的行为构成德国《刑法典》第263条规定的诈骗罪。在德国之外的其他法域,此类聘用诈骗行为也通常被认定为诈骗类犯罪。基于我国刑法规定和学界通说,并借鉴域外法经验,有理由认为:针对事业单位职位、公务员职位或企业单位职位的聘用诈骗行为可以构成我国《刑法》第266条规定的诈骗罪。这一结论不仅符合刑法教义学,而且符合我国刑法的基本原则和谦抑理念。
Despite great harm,in terms of legal interest,caused by applicants who fraudulently use fake credentials to obtain excessive salaries they do not deserve,such cases have so far yet to be fully discussed by the Chinese community of criminal law.In Germany,according to judicial precedents and prevailing views,excessive salaries obtained by the perpetrator in such an employment fraud case,can be interpreted as a property loss of the victim;thus,the fraudulent act of the perpetrator constitutes an offence of fraud under Article 263 of Germany’s Criminal Code.In legal jurisdictions other than Germany,such an act in employment is also recognized as a fraud-related crime.Based on the criminal law and the academic consensus in China,in consideration of foreign law,there is good reason to conclude that the fraudulent use of fake credentials in gaining a position in a public institution,a public office or a company may constitute an offence of fraud pursuant to Article 266 of China’s Criminal Law.This conclusion not only conforms to the doctrines of criminal law in general but also to the basic principles and the concept of modesty as enshrined in China’s criminal law in particular.
出处
《政治与法律》
北大核心
2025年第6期64-81,共18页
Political Science and Law
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目“总体国家安全观视野下恐怖犯罪预防法律体系的构建研究”(项目编号:20BFX067)的研究成果。
关键词
聘用诈骗
诈骗罪
财产损失
假学历
Employment Fraud
Offence of Fraud
Harm to Property
Fake Credentials
