摘要
目的了解2018年北京市职业人群的烟草使用情况以及影响因素。方法研究数据来源于"健康北京人民—健康促进十年行动规划(2009—2018年)"专项调查,于2018年6—9月采用分层抽样和典型抽样方法,选取北京市16个区的12908名企事业单位职工纳入研究,通过问卷收集基本情况、工作情况、公共场所烟草暴露情况和戒烟情况等相关信息。采用χ^(2)检验比较不同特征研究对象现在吸烟率、戒烟率及二手烟暴露率的差异,并采用多因素logistic回归分析烟草使用的相关因素。结果北京市职业人群现在吸烟率为18.0%(95%CI:17.3%~18.7%),非吸烟者二手烟暴露率为61.0%(95%CI:60.1%~61.9%)。职业人群戒烟率为22.2%(95%CI:20.7%~23.7%),现有戒烟意愿者占现在吸烟人数的63.9%(1485/2325)。不同性别、年龄、文化程度以及职业性质的职工现吸烟率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,在男性中,与16~29岁年龄组相比,30~39、40~49、50岁以上年龄组吸烟风险均增加[OR(95%CI)值分别为1.49(1.27~1.74)、1.34(1.13~1.59)、1.30(1.06~1.59)];与初中及以下学历相比,高中/高职/高专学历组(OR=1.38,95%CI:1.13~1.69)吸烟风险增加,硕士及以上学历(OR=0.30,95%CI:0.22~0.42)吸烟风险降低;与脑力劳动者相比,体力劳动者(OR=1.28,95%CI:1.11~1.47)吸烟风险高。结论北京市职业人群现在吸烟率低于同时期全国水平,但二手烟暴露率较高;年龄、文化程度、工作性质、性别等是吸烟的相关因素。
Objective To understand the tobacco use situation and related factors among the occupational population in Beijing in 2018.Methods The data were obtained from a special survey on“Healthy Beijing People—Ten-year Action Plan for Health Promotion(2009—2018)”.From June to September 2018,12908 participants were recruited from 16 districts of Beijing using the stratified sampling method combined with the typical sampling method.Questionnaires were conducted to collect basic information,work situations,tobacco exposure in public places,and smoking cessation.The Chi-square test was used to compare the differences in current smoking rates,smoking cessation rates and second-hand smoke exposure rates among participants with different characteristics.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the related factors of tobacco use.Results The present smoking rate of the occupational population in Beijing was 18.0%(95%CI:17.3%-18.7%),and the passive smoking exposure rate of non-smokers was 61.0%(95%CI:60.1%-61.9%).The smoking cessation rate among the working population was 22.2%(95%CI:20.7%-23.7%),and the proportion of current smokers with the intention to quit was 63.9%(1485/2325).The present smoking rate of employees of different genders,ages,education levels and occupational nature showed statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that in males,compared with the age group of 16-29 years old,the risk of smoking increased in the age groups of 30-39 years old,40-49 years old and over 50 years old[OR(95%CI)values were 1.49(1.27-1.74),1.34(1.13-1.59)and 1.30(1.06-1.59)].Compared with those with junior high school or lower education,participants with high school/vocational/college education group had a higher risk of smoking(OR=1.38,95%CI:1.13-1.69),while those with master′s degree or above had a lower risk of smoking(OR=0.30,95%CI:0.22-0.42).The physical workers(OR=1.28,95%CI:1.11-1.47)had a higher risk of smoking than the mental workers.Conclusion The current smoking rate among the occupational population in Beijing is lower than the national level during the same period,but the exposure rate to second-hand smoke is relatively high.Age,educational level,job nature and gender are related factors of smoking.
作者
黄剑辉
郑茹
齐力
王观
孙颖
段佳丽
Huang Jianhui;Zheng Ru;Qi Li;Wang Guan;Sun Ying;Duan Jiali(Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention Institute of health education,Beijing 100013,China)
出处
《中华预防医学杂志》
北大核心
2025年第5期634-639,共6页
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
关键词
烟草
吸烟
职业群体
横断面研究
Tobacco
Smoking
Occupational groups
Cross-sectional studies
