摘要
目前,中国钢渣堆存量约10亿t,造成严重的土地资源浪费和环境污染等问题。实现钢渣处理工艺与直接应用途径的高度匹配是中国钢渣资源化利用亟待解决的核心问题。气淬法不仅能高效回收熔渣显热,且处理后的钢渣具有与喷砂除锈磨料相近的物化性能。若将其用于喷砂除锈工艺获得相同甚至优于常规磨料的处理效果,不仅能拓宽钢渣的应用途径,也会大力提升钢渣的资源化率及其附加值。除锈效果与磨料属性及工艺参数密切相关。首先分析气淬钢渣的理化特性,建立其在喷砂除锈工艺的适用性准则。随后通过喷砂除锈试验,探究喷砂参数及钢渣粒级对基材清洁度与表面粗糙度的影响。结果表明,气淬钢渣在粒度、密度、硬度等理化性能方面完全符合标准要求,且具有较高的抗压强度。粒级为[0.2,0.5) mm的气淬钢渣在喷砂时间为6 s、喷砂距离为100 mm、喷砂压力为0.55~0.65 MPa、喷砂角度为45°~90°的工艺条件下除锈清洁度能达到除锈Sa2.5标准。粒级为[0.5,1.0) mm及[1.0,1.4) mm的气淬钢渣则需要喷砂时间为6~10 s、喷砂压力为0.60~0.65 MPa、喷砂角度为60°~90°才能获得较好的清洁度。基材表面的三维粗糙度受喷砂时间影响最为显著,喷砂后表面算术平均高度Sa均值为16~23μm。最后,发现喷砂后剩余磨料中含有的金属氧化物含量较多,可进行循环喷砂,实现有价元素富集。
China currently has almost one billion tons of steel slags on hand,which leads to major issues like environmental pollution and land resource waste.The primary issue that has to be resolved immediately in China's steel slag resource utilization is to achieve the high matching of steel slag treatment technology and direct application path.The air-quenching method can not only recover sensible heat of molten slag efficiently,but also the treated steel slag has similar physical and chemical properties as abrasive blasting.If it can be used in sandblasting to get even better treatment results than traditional abrasives,which not only expands the usage of steel slag but also significantly increases its resource rate and added value.The effect of rust removal is closely related to abrasive properties and process parameters.It examined the physical and chemical properties of air-quenched steel slag and established applicability criteria for the sandblasting process.Subsequently,the effects of sandblasting parameters and steel slag grade on substrate cleanliness and surface roughness were investigated through sandblasting experiments.The results show that the physicochemical properties of air-quenched steel slag meet the standard requirements in particle size,density,hardness,etc.,and have high compressive strength.For the air-quenched steel slag with particle size in the range of[0.2,0.5)mm,the rust removal cleanliness can reach the Sa2.5 standard under the process conditions of sandblasting time of 6 s,sandblasting distance of 100 mm,sandblasting pressure of 0.55-0.65 MPa and sandblasting angle of 45°-90°.For the air-quenched-steel slag with particle size of[0.5,1.0)mm and[1.0,1.4)mm,the sandblasting time is 6-10 s,the sandblasting pressure is 0.60-0.65 MPa,and the sandblasting angle is 60°-90°to obtain a better cleanliness.The three-dimensional roughness(Sa)of the substrate surface is most significantly affected by the sandblasting time,and the mean roughness after sandblasting is in the range of 16-23μm.Finally,it is found that the residual abrasive after sandblasting contains more metal oxide content,which can be enriched by cyclic sandblasting.
作者
林文龙
王辉
谷少鹏
张伟
裴晶晶
张玉柱
张海艳
邢宏伟
LIN Wenlong;WANG Hui;GU Shaopeng;ZHANG Wei;PEI Jingjing;ZHANG Yuzhu;ZHANG Haiyan;XING Hongwei(College of Metallurgy and Energy,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan 063210,Hebei,China;Iron and Steel Laboratory of Hebei Province,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan 063210,Hebei,China;Modern Technology Education Center,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan 063210,Hebei,China;Technology Transfer Center,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan 063210,Hebei,China)
出处
《钢铁》
北大核心
2025年第5期190-204,共15页
Iron and Steel
基金
河北省自然科学基金资助项目(E2023209109,E2022209098)
中央引导地方科技发展资金资助项目(246Z3802G)
河北省高等学校科学研究资助项目(CYZD202504)
河北省高等学校科学技术研究资助项目(QN2024193)
河北省引进留学人员资助项目(C20220323)。
关键词
气淬钢渣
资源化利用
喷砂磨料
理化特性
除锈
清洁效果
粗糙度
高附加值
循环利用
air-quenched steel slag
resource utilization
sandblasting abrasive
physicochemical property
rust removal
cleaning effect
roughness
high value-added
cyclic utilization
