摘要
针对我国中小型育苗工厂育苗机械化程度低、不同批次标准化难控制、缺少芽苗播种辅助机械等问题,设计了一台轻简化分体式蔬菜育苗基质装穴机,主要包含5部分:搅拌机构、出料机构、穴盘传送系统、刮平机构与控制系统;试验结果显示其能够依次完成基质的加药预湿搅拌、出料、装穴以及穴盘基质刮平等工序,以及数字化显示预湿基质的温湿度、pH值和电导率(EC);当出料口直径为34 mm、双螺旋布料辊转速为80 r/min、输送带运送速度为0.44 m/s时,基质装穴合格率最高,达到99.05%,此时装盘效率为300盘/h;所选传感器可数字化显示搅拌后基质的温度、湿度、pH值EC值,便于大批量标准化工厂育苗。
Due to the low mechanization and standardization level of the vegetable seedling and the lack of germinated-seed assisted planting machine in the small and medium-sized seedling factory of China,a simple split-type substrate filling machine for factory vegetable plug-tray seedling was developed.It mainly included five parts:stirring sub-system,discharge sub-system,tray transmission sub-system,screeding sub-system and control sub-system.The test results showed that it can successively finish the pre-wetting stirring,discharging,plug-tray filling and scraping on the plug-tray,and further digitally display the temperature and humidity,pH and EC values of the pre-wetting seedling nursing substrate.When the diameter of the hole in the bottom of the discharge port was 34 mm,the rotation speed of the double helical substrate-distributing roller was 80 r/min,and the moving speed of the conveyor belt was 0.44 m/s,the machine had the best performance in the plug-tray filling,reaching 99.05%.At this time,the filling efficiency was 300 plug trays/h,and the selected sensor can digitally show the temperature,humidity,pH and EC values of the substrate so that large quantities of standardized factory seedlings can be achieved.
作者
羊军
刘影
李智国
张海娟
周永科
YANG Jun;LIU Ying;LI Zhiguo;ZHANG Haijuan;ZHOU Yongke(College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Xi’an Agricultural Machinery Supervision and Extension General Station,Xi’an 710065,China;Yangling Tianhe Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)
出处
《农业机械学报》
北大核心
2025年第4期224-230,292,共8页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
杨凌示范区种子孵化项目(2022-JSCY-05)。
关键词
蔬菜
工厂化育苗
基质搅拌
穴盘装填
vegetable
factory seedling
substrate stirring
plug-tray filling
