摘要
针对保护性耕作深松作业机具土壤扰动大的问题,设计了一种间隔深松机直注深松铲。利用离散元法和田间试验研究了不同铲体幅宽对土壤扰动行为的影响。以耕作比阻、土壤膨松度和土壤扰动系数为试验指标,对比不同铲体幅宽条件下土壤运动状态及各方向微观运动情况,分析直注深松铲土壤扰动效果。结果表明,当铲体幅宽为350 mm时,耕作阻力最小;当铲体幅宽为450 mm时,耕作比阻最小;土壤扰动随铲体幅宽增加而增大,铲体幅宽主要影响土壤侧向扰动、土壤回落及土垄高度,适当减小幅宽有利于减小土壤侧向扰动、增加土壤回落、降低垄高;铲体幅宽对土壤膨松度和土壤扰动系数有重要影响,当铲体幅宽为350 mm时,土壤膨松度相对较小,土壤扰动系数相对较大;不同铲体幅宽对耕作阻力和扰动面积均有一定的影响,铲体幅宽对扰动面积影响大于对耕作阻力的影响;试验范围内土壤膨松度和扰动系数试验值和仿真值平均误差分别为6.36%和6.84%,耕作阻力和比阻试验值和仿真值平均误差分别为9.02%和12.41%。间隔深松机降低土壤扰动效果明显,可为深松机优化设计提供参考。
In order to solve the problem of soil disturbance caused by straw returning interval deep sowing combined operation machine in conservation tillage,an interval subsoiler with direct injection deep sowing shovel was designed.The discrete element simulation and field experiment method were used to study the different shovel body width affect the behavior of soil disturbance.Taking tillage specific resistance,soil swelling degree and soil disturbance coefficient as experimental indexes,the soil movement state and micro-movement in all directions under different shovel width conditions were compared,and the soil disturbance effect of direct injection deep loose shovel was analyzed.The results showed that tillage resistance was the minimum when the width of shovel was 350 mm,and tillage specific resistance was the minimum when the width of shovel was 450 mm.Soil disturbance was increased with the increase of shovel width,and the shovel width mainly affected soil lateral disturbance,soil retreat and ridge height.Reducing the width appropriately was beneficial to reduce soil lateral disturbance,increase soil retreat and reduce ridge height.The width of the shovel had an important effect on soil fluffiness and soil disturbance coefficient.When the width of the shovel was 350 mm,the soil fluffiness was relatively small and the soil disturbance coefficient was relatively large.Different shovel width had certain influence on tillage resistance and disturbed area,and the influence degree of shovel width on disturbed area was greater than that of tillage resistance.Within the design parameters of shovel width,the average errors of test and simulation results of soil bulk degree and disturbance coefficient were 6.36%and 6.84%,respectively.The average errors of test and simulation values of tillage resistance and specific resistance were 9.02%and 12.41%,respectively.The effect of interval subsoiling machine on reducing soil disturbance was obvious,which can provide reference for the optimal design of subsoiling machine.
作者
王铁军
于中鑫
孟繁博文
陈玉文
王瑞丽
WANG Tiejun;YU Zhongxin;MENG Fanbowen;CHEN Yuwen;WANG Ruili(College of Engineering,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China)
出处
《农业机械学报》
北大核心
2025年第4期98-106,共9页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
沈阳市科学技术计划项目黑土地专项(24-216-2-10)
辽宁省“揭榜挂帅”科技攻关专项(2022JH1/10400017-04)。
关键词
保护性耕作
间隔深松
直注深松铲
土壤扰动
离散元
conservation tillage
interval subsoiling
direct injection subsoiling shovel
soil disturbance
discrete element
