摘要
先秦时期的天文知识体系可分为民间和官方两种,前者指向神圣与时间,后者侧重于科学与政治。秦汉时代,随着精准天文历法的确立和二十四节气的推广,先秦民间天文知识的实用性逐渐下降,最终走向断裂与失传。许多记录于先秦文献中的民间天文知识,因历代学者的错误注解,被埋没于后世“文献”之中。以天文知识解读《周易》睽卦上九爻辞会发现,它实际上描绘了一幅仲春时节封豕、鬼车、弧星的星象图,并与当时的婚礼仪式在时间节律上存在密切关联。理解先秦民众生活世界的时空秩序,是研究先秦人文的基础,而这一时空秩序的形成与民众的天文知识息息相关。打捞散落在先秦文献中的天文记载,探寻、揭示先秦天文知识体系,是先秦人文研究中一项重要的基础性工作。
Pre-Qin astronomical knowledge can be divided into folk astronomical knowledge oriented towards sacredness andtime indication,and official knowledge oriented towards science and politics.During the Qin and the Han periods,thepromotion and implementation of accurate astronomical calendars and the twenty-four solar terms led to a decline in thepractical use of Pre-Qin folk astronomical knowledge,which gradually became fragmented and lost.Many records ofsuch knowledge in Pre-Qin literature were buried in"literature"due to misinterpretations by later scholars.The upperninth line of the hexagram"Kui"in the I Ching can be interpreted through astronomical knowledge.It actually depicts astar map from the mid-spring season,featuring the constellation of the pig(封豕),the ghost chariot(鬼车),and the arcstar(弧星),which are closely connected to the timing and rhythms of the wedding ceremonies at that time.Understanding the temporal and spatial order of the lives of the Pre-Qin people is fundamental to the study of Pre-Qinhistory,literature,and philosophy,and this order is inseparable from the astronomical knowledge of the people.Recovering the astronomical records scattered in the Pre-Qin texts and exploring and revealing the Pre-Qin astronomicalknowledge system is an important and foundational task for Pre-Qin humanities research.
出处
《民俗研究》
北大核心
2025年第3期107-119,160,共14页
Folklore Studies
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“中国文学起源与中华文明基因形成研究”(项目编号:23&ZD276)的阶段性成果。
关键词
天文知识
知识考古
《周易》
星象
社会节律
astronomical knowledge
archaeology of knowledge
I Ching
astrology,social rhythm
