摘要
本文将曲牌【山坡羊】分为四种类型,梳理了每种类型的民间流变繁衍,构建曲牌发展的古今关联。其中昆腔【山坡羊】数量众多,自成体系,在自身发展与流变时出现格律突破与个性化变异。弦索腔【山坡羊】承继北曲类【山坡羊】七声特征,唱腔发展较成熟,同名曲牌在变化板式、调式和生旦分腔之后,朝着板腔化、俗化的道路迈进。俗曲类【山坡羊】在流变过程中,文辞、唱腔旋律与原始形态有所关联,但渐变渐远。器乐类【山坡羊】体现出流变繁衍的四个层次:完整—四句体—四句体加变化—仅保留第一句典型音调。从【山坡羊】在民间复杂多样的流变中,我们可窥探“曲牌”的历史繁衍进程。
This paper categorizes the[Shan Po Yang] tune into four types,delineating the evolution and proliferation of each form within folk traditions and thereby constructing a link between its historical and contemporary developments.Among these,the Kun Style[Shan Po Yang]is notably numerous and forms a self-contained system,exhibiting breakthroughs in metrical structure and personalized variations during its evolution.The String and Bow Style[Shan Po Yang]inherits the seven-tone characteristics of the Northern Tune[Shan Po Yang] and has developed a relatively mature vocal style;after modifications in rhythmic patterns,modal structures,and the differentiation of roles,the tune has embarked on a path toward standardized and popularized forms.The Folk Tune type[Shan Po Yang] maintains certain connections in its lyrics and melodic phrasing to its original form throughout its evolution,although it gradually diverges.The Instrumental type[Shan Po Yang] manifests four distinct levels of evolutionary development:a complete form;a fourline form;a four-line form with variations;and a form in which only the first line's characteristic melody is preserved.Through the complex and diverse evolution of[Shan Po Yang] in folk traditions,we can glimpse the historical proliferation process of the tune pattern.
出处
《中国音乐》
北大核心
2025年第3期69-79,199,共12页
Chinese Music
基金
2022年度教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目“中国传统音乐的传承和创新机制研究”(项目编号:22JJD7600001)
2021年度国家社科基金优秀博士论文出版项目“曲牌‘山坡羊’研究”(项目编号:21FYB075)的阶段成果。
关键词
昆腔
高腔
俗曲
器乐曲
弦索腔
Kun Style
Gao Style
Folk Tune
Instrumental Tune
String and Bow Style
