摘要
超大城市面临复杂的内生发展压力和人为风险,也更容易受到自然灾害、气候变化等的影响和胁迫,面向超大城市的生态修复需要着重考虑如何通过生态修复的工程实践提升城市的生态系统韧性。城市化过程和人类活动对自然生态空间造成侵占和频繁扰动,生态修复的可实施空间破碎化显著,识别更加精准的生态修复空间、确定更加明确的修复目标具有重要的意义。基于生态网络与生态安全格局建立了“生态系统抵抗力—生态源地恢复力—生态廊道适应力”的城市生态韧性三维评估体系,基于生态系统抵抗力、生态源地恢复力和生态廊道适应力的构建保护修复空间识别方法,并在北京市开展应用,研究结果表明:(1)北京51处生态源地,占北京非建设空间的21.88%,共206条生态廊道,均主要分布于生态涵养区内,为北京提供生态屏障及主要生态产品。(2)生态系统抵抗力指数较低,北部深山、西部灵山-百花山和东部边缘山区相对较好;生态源地恢复力较好,生态廊道适应力整体不高,亟需加强生态廊道的功能恢复。(3)识别出7277.07 km^(2)生态修复空间,占北京非建设空间的55.21%。为城市生态修复提供了一套基于生态系统韧性的保护修复空间识别方法体系,为北京市生态修复工程的规划提供科学依据,也为其他地区超大城市面向保护和发展协调的生态修复规划提供参考。
Mega⁃cities face complex and diverse endogenous development pressures and human⁃induced risks,and are also more vulnerable to the impacts and threats of natural disasters and climate change.Ecological restoration in mega⁃cities needs to focus on enhancing urban ecological resilience to cope with pressures and impacts from both internal and external systems,and to ensure the sustainable development of urban society and economy.Ecological restoration in mega⁃cities needs to focus on how engineering practices can enhance the resilience of urban ecosystems.Ecological resilience is one of the essential cores of urban sustainability.Urban sustainability demands that the urban complex ecosystem possesses the capacity to cope with and resist natural disasters and anthropogenic damages,the ability to recover from and adapt to stress and disturbances,as well as the capability to anticipate and prevent risks.The urbanization process and human activities have led to the encroachment and frequent disturbance of natural ecological spaces,resulting in highly fragmented and limited space for ecological restoration.Therefore,accurately identifying potential ecological restoration areas and setting clear restoration goals is of great significance.This study establishes a three⁃dimensional urban ecological resilience assessment system based on ecological networks and ecological security patterns,focusing on"ecosystem resistance,ecological source restoration,and ecological corridor adaptability,"and conducts spatial identification for ecological restoration.Taking Beijing as a case study,the results show:①Beijing has 51 ecological sources,accounting for 21.88%of its non⁃construction space,and 206 ecological corridors,mainly distributed in ecological conservation areas,providing ecological barriers and key ecological products for Beijing.②The ecosystem resistance index is relatively low,with the northern deep mountains,Ling Mountain⁃Baihua Mountain,and eastern peripheral mountainous areas performing better.Ecological source restoration is good,while the adaptability of ecological corridors is generally low,requiring urgent restoration of ecological corridor functions.③A total of 7277.07 km^(2) of ecological restoration space has been identified,accounting for 55.21%of Beijing's non⁃construction space.This study provides a method for identifying protected restoration spaces based on ecological resilience,offering scientific guidance for ecological restoration planning in Beijing and providing a reference for ecological restoration planning in other mega⁃cities,aiming for a balance between conservation and development.By establishing the connection between the quantification of ecosystem resilience and the identification of regional ecological restoration spaces,and identifying ecological restoration spaces based on the level of ecosystem resilience,it can to a certain extent propose relatively effective strategies for the optimization and path of regional ecological restoration.
作者
王辰星
王泽童
杨淼
赵兴华
潘垚辰
冯启源
郑力夫
王欣妍
严岩
WANG Chenxing;WANG Zetong;YANG Miao;ZHAO Xinghua;PAN Yaochen;FENG Qiyuan;ZHENG Lifu;WANG Xinyan;YAN Yan(State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Government services center of Beijing Municipal Commission of Planning and Natural Resources,Beijing 101160,China;Fangshan Key Project Construction Office,Beijing 102488,China;Citic Guoan(Beijing)Property Management Company Limited,Beijing 100000,China)
出处
《生态学报》
北大核心
2025年第10期4626-4637,共12页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(71673268)。
关键词
生态韧性
生态网络
生态修复
空间识别
规划策略
ecological resilience
ecological restoration
ecological network
space identification
planning strategy
